Vortex and anti-vortex compositions of exact elegant Laguerre–Gaussian vector beams

Nasalski, W.

doi:10.1007/s00340-014-5820-3

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…12 of the PV in both rotational cases, we could infer the magnetic energy ε −1 | H z | 2 from the measurable electric energy μ −1 | E z | 2 . This idea can be traced back to the concept of the Stokes parameters [ 17 ]. In addition, because we have solved the Maxwell's equation self-consistently by use of the functions , , and in Equations 3–6, not only the dipoles but also all the higher-order multipoles have been taken into account [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, TE and TM waves in co-rotations have the same azimuthal mode index, thereby referring to the same AM. Instead, we concentrate here on the TE and TM waves in counter-rotations, thus referring to the opposite azimuthal mode indices [ 15 , 17 ]. By duplexing, an interference is implied, which is also present in the interactions among multiple beams [ 3 – 4 6 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spin annihilations of and spin sifters for transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves in co- and counter-rotations

Lee¹,

Mok²

2014

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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SummaryThis study is motivated in part to better understand multiplexing in wireless communications, which employs photons carrying varying angular momenta. In particular, we examine both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves in either co-rotations or counter-rotations. To this goal, we analyze both Poynting-vector flows and orbital and spin parts of the energy flow density for the combined fields. Consequently, we find not only enhancements but also cancellations between the two modes. To our surprise, the photon spins in the azimuthal direction exhibit a complete annihilation for the counter-rotational case even if the intensities of the colliding waves are of different magnitudes. In contrast, the orbital flow density disappears only if the two intensities satisfy a certain ratio. In addition, the concepts of spin sifters and enantiomer sorting are illustrated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin annihilations of and spin sifters for transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves in co- and counter-rotations

Lee¹,

Mok²

2014

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…The idea to use superposition of uniformly polarized beams to create nonuniformly polarized waves was first proposed by Hajnal [48,49]. This fruitful concept was further developed to construct many specific polarization structures in optical beams [50,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Particularly, Gori [50] showed that the field of a superposed vortices with the opposite topological charges can be linearly polarized at any point, but the polarization direction changes with the angular coordinate.…”

Section: Vector Topologies In Paraxial Electromagnetic Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instantaneous field singularities in electromagnetic waves

Shvedov

Królikowski

2018

New J. Phys.

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Singularities, i.e. places of discontinuity of physical parameters are extremely general objects appearing in both stationary and wave processes. They commonly occur in purely coherent, highly directional electromagnetic waves, such as laser beams, determining additional spatial or 'topological' properties of the beams independently of their propagational dynamics. For instance, a helicoidal structure of the wavefront curved around a line of undefined phase, so-called phase singularity, adds an orbital degree of freedom to electromagnetic waves. The phase singularities are typical to all types of scalar and one-component vectorial waves where the wave field can be defined only by intensity and phase distributions in space and time. The situation becomes more complex when the electromagnetic wave, as a vectorial object, depends in a different way on coordinates in its field components. This leads to a nonuniform field pattern containing singular points of an undefined instantaneous orientation of the electromagnetic field. In contrast to the phase singularities in a scalar wave, the points of instantaneous field (IF) singularities can be completely isolated by surrounding fields in 3D space at any fixed moment of time. Here we present a systematic description of the IF singularities of the electromagnetic waves in a paraxial approximation. Based on the IF distributions around the singularities, we provide a general qualitative classification of the wave beams. We also detail some of the common types of singularities where the transverse components of electric and magnetic fields have a form of the field sources and show the compensation mechanism of such vectorial field distributions by the longitudinal field components.

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“…The idea to use superposition of four uniformly linearly polarized vortex beams to create nonuniformly polarized waves was first proposed by F. Gori [41]. It was further developed, with little variations, to construct more general complex polarization structures [62,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Following this technique, we consider the circularly polarized field with modulating functions Eqs.…”

Section: Vector Topologies In Paraxial Electromagnetic Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological monopoles and currents in electromagnetic waves

Shvedov,

Krolikowski

2017

Preprint

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Singularities, i.e. places of discontinuities of parameters are extremely general objects appearing in electromagnetic waves and thus are the key to understanding fundamental wave processes. These structures commonly occur in purely coherent, highly directional waves, such as laser beams, determining additional spatial or "'topological"' properties of the wave fields independently of their propagational dynamics. For instance, topologies of wave fronts, called phase singularities, add orbital degrees of freedom to electromagnetic waves. These singularities are common to all types of scalar waves described only by their intensity and phase distributions. As the electromagnetic wave is a vector wave, its topological properties generally depend on all field components leading to complex field patterns in space and time. These patterns may contain singular points of undefined instantaneous orientation of the vector field, i.e. the instantaneous field (IF) singularities. In zero-order paraxial approximation of purely transverse electromagnetic waves, some instantaneous field distributions may carry apparent topological monopoles, when the originally source-free wave exhibits spatial structure associated with the 2D "virtual" sources of electromagnetic fields.Here we present systematic description of topological singularities in both electric and magnetic field of the electromagnetic waves in a paraxial approximation. We also consider the important types of paraxial electromagnetic waves with complex transverse field structures containing instantaneous field singularities.

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Vortex and anti-vortex compositions of exact elegant Laguerre–Gaussian vector beams

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Spin annihilations of and spin sifters for transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves in co- and counter-rotations

Spin annihilations of and spin sifters for transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves in co- and counter-rotations

Instantaneous field singularities in electromagnetic waves

Topological monopoles and currents in electromagnetic waves

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