Vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of sedimentary deep eutectic solvents for the determination of triazine and phenylurea herbicides in milk samples

Feng, Jie; Zhao, Zhe; Li, Jilong; Shan, Zhenhua; Yang, Yi; Wang, Zhibing; Zhang, Hanqi

doi:10.1039/d1ay01788h

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…When converting the supersaturation in undercooling, the transition between <110> and <111> occurs at undercooling in the order of 25 °C, which is not believed to be reached in macroscale experiments, such as those used for the validation of numerical models [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Description Of the Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, NH 4 Cl provides precise benchmarks for validating theoretical predictions and computational simulations of solidification kinetics and microstructural evolutions [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Numerical simulations, based on principles of the heat transfer, mass transport, and phase equilibria, are commonly used to model solidification processes in NH 4 Cl and other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on Ammonium Chloride Dendrite Tip Kinetics: The Importance of the Solid–Liquid Density Change and Interfacial Kinetics

Alrasheedi,

Stefan-Kharicha,

Sari

et al. 2024

Materials

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Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) has been extensively studied as a transparent analogue for investigating the solidification of metals due to its distinctive properties and the simplicity of the experimentation. Furthermore, NH4Cl exhibits a striking resemblance in solidification behavior to the majority of binary eutectic alloy systems, rendering it a valuable model for studying phase transition phenomena. Experiments conducted on ammonium chloride are frequently employed to validate numerical models for predicting grain structures, macrosegregation, and the columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET). This latter phenomenon arises due to differences in the velocities of columnar dendrite tips and the liquidus isosurface. However, the kinetics of dendrite tip growth, as a function of supersaturation, remains poorly understood for this commonly used alloy. The objective of this study was to utilize the available experimental data in conjunction with Ivantsov correlations to shed light on the ambiguous kinetics. The results indicate that when considering the crystal–melt density ratio, the Ivantsov solution offers a good correlation. Furthermore, incorporating a moderate interfacial kinetic coefficient enhances the correlations further. This correlation can be implemented in numerical models, which will aid in the determination of the columnar front, the columnar-to-equiaxed transition, and the equiaxed growth velocities.

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Section: Description Of the Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Ammonium Chloride Dendrite Tip Kinetics: The Importance of the Solid–Liquid Density Change and Interfacial Kinetics

Alrasheedi,

Stefan-Kharicha,

Sari

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…Herbicides of triazine and phenylurea were segregated from milk samples using vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction hinged on the solidification of sedimentary DES. Five HDESs were designed based on tetrabutylammonium chloride and perfluorooctanol as the hydrogen bond donor and acceptor, respectively, in molar ratios of 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 . The HDES with a 2:1 molar ratio was preferred.…”

Section: Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five HDESs were designed based on tetrabutylammonium chloride and perfluorooctanol as the hydrogen bond donor and acceptor, respectively, in molar ratios of 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. 85 The HDES with a 2:1 molar ratio was preferred. A significant advantage of this method over the conventional ones is the conversion into a solid–liquid separation, thus curtailing the waste of the target analyte.…”

Section: Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as Greener Substitutes for Conventional Extraction Media: Examples and Techniques

et al. 2023

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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are multicomponent designer solvents that exist as stable liquids over a wide range of temperatures. Over the last two decades, research has been dedicated to developing noncytotoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible DESs to replace commercially available toxic organic solvents. However, most of the DESs formulated until now are hydrophilic and disintegrate via dissolution on coming in contact with the aqueous phase. To expand the repertoire of DESs as green solvents, hydrophobic DESs (HDESs) were prepared as an alternative. The hydrophobicity is a consequence of the constituents and can be modified according to the nature of the application. Due to their immiscibility, HDESs induce phase segregation in an aqueous solution and thus can be utilized as an extracting medium for a multitude of compounds. Here, we review literature reporting the usage of HDESs for the extraction of various organic compounds and metal ions from aqueous solutions and absorption of gases like CO 2 . We also discuss the techniques currently employed in the extraction processes. We have delineated the limitations that might reduce the applicability of these solvents and also discussed examples of how DESs behave as reaction media. Our review presents the possibility of HDESs being used as substitutes for conventional organic solvents.

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“…So far, several sample preparation methods such as liquid liquid extraction [17], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [18], solid-phase microextraction [19], single drop microextraction [20], HF-liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) [21], cloud point extraction (CPE) [22], stir bar sorptive extraction [23], dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) [24], and DLLME based on solidification of floating organic drop [25] have been used to extraction and preconcentration of BPA in different matrices. Nowadays, deep eutectic solvents (DESs), which consist of two main components, a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), have replaced common toxic organic solvents as green extractants [26][27][28]. The method of making and synthesizing DESs is very simple and easy, their raw materials are cheap and available, and most of them have little toxicity and are completely compatible with the environment [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of pH‐responsive deep eutectic solvent followed by HPLC for trace determination of bisphenol A in water samples

Cao,

2023

J of Separation Science

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A microextraction based on pH‐responsive deep eutectic solvent combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography was developed for the separation, preconcentration, and determination of bisphenol A in water samples. Five deep eutectic solvents were prepared using thymol (hydrogen bond acceptor) and 6‐, 8‐, 9‐, 10‐, and 12‐carbon carboxylic acids (hydrogen bond donor), and were used as extraction solvent. Herein, by alkalinizing the environment, phase transition takes place, and by adding acid, phase separation and extraction of analytes occur simultaneously. Some important parameters on the extraction such as deep eutectic solvent type, molar ratio of deep eutectic solvent components, deep eutectic solvent volume, potassium hydroxide concentration, hydrochloric acid volume, extraction time, and salt addition were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, intra‐ and interday precisions of the method based on seven replicate measurements of 10 μg L–1 of bisphenol A in water samples were 2.2% and 4.3%, respectively. The analytical performance of the method showed linearity over the concentration of 0.05–50 μg L−1 with the detection limit of 0.02 μg L−1. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by spiking different concentrations of bisphenol A in real water samples and obtaining relative recoveries in the range of 92.5%−105.2%.

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Vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of sedimentary deep eutectic solvents for the determination of triazine and phenylurea herbicides in milk samples

Abstract: The vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of sedimentary deep eutectic solvents was developed and applied to the extraction of triazine and phenylurea herbicides in milk samples. In...

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

A Study on Ammonium Chloride Dendrite Tip Kinetics: The Importance of the Solid–Liquid Density Change and Interfacial Kinetics

A Study on Ammonium Chloride Dendrite Tip Kinetics: The Importance of the Solid–Liquid Density Change and Interfacial Kinetics

Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as Greener Substitutes for Conventional Extraction Media: Examples and Techniques

Synthesis and characterization of pH‐responsive deep eutectic solvent followed by HPLC for trace determination of bisphenol A in water samples

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