Vortex-induced vibrations of the Second Severn Crossing cable-stayed bridge?full-scale and wind tunnel measurements

Macdonald, John H G; Irwin, Peter; Fletcher, M S

doi:10.1680/stbu.152.2.123.38970

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Experimental parameters and measurement results for section model Table 4 shows the experimental parameters and results for section model tests. Referring to the "S5", "S6" and "S7", the observed normalized maximum amplitudes of the first from the actual bridge is also larger than that measured from section model tests [18]. Both the mode shape and imperfect spanwise correlations of vortex shedding forces may cause difference in the maximum vibration amplitudes between section model and aeroelastic model (and also the prototype bridge).…”

Section: Wind Tunnel Tests On Aeroelastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Both the mode shape and imperfect spanwise correlations of vortex shedding forces may cause difference in the maximum vibration amplitudes between section model and aeroelastic model (and also the prototype bridge). While the imperfect spanwise correlation of vortex shedding forces is hard to characterize and may vary case by case, the mode shape effect has been addressed by introducing a mode shape correction factor when extrapolating the section-model results to their prototype [e.g., [16][17][18]29]. It is noted that different vortex-shedding force models lead to different mode shape correction factors.…”

Section: Wind Tunnel Tests On Aeroelastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another limitation of section model tests is that the model oscillates with the uniform amplitude and does not simulate the mode shapes in a bridge. The mode shape correction factor, also known as modal response factor [15], is invoked to account for the difference in mode shapes between the section model and the prototype bridge [16][17][18]. In practice, it is generally accepted that the correlation effect and mode shape effect cancel each other so that the overall correction factor for the vibration amplitudes is 1.0 [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental investigation of correction factor for VIV amplitude of flexible bridges from an aeroelastic model and its 1:1 section model

Zhou

Hua

Chen

et al. 2017

Engineering Structures

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Evaluation of the maximum amplitudes of vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) in suspension bridges is mainly relied upon section model wind tunnel tests of bridge decks. Extrapolation to prototype responses requires addition correction to take into account the differences both in structural mode shape and in spanwise correlation of excitation forces between the section model and the prototype. The paper presents the results of VIV amplitudes measured on an aeroelastic model and on its section model with the same size of cross-section. The aeroelastic model is a new, elastically multi-supported one which is capable of reproducing the closely-spaced vertical modes of a suspension bridge. The vortex-induced vibrations for a number of vertical modes were successfully measured from the aeroelastic model test in smooth flow. The spring-mounted section model having the same size of cross-section as the aeroelastic model was also tested in smooth flow at the same mass, damping ratio and vibration frequency. It is shown that both the VIV onset wind velocity and lock-in range for each mode of vibration are in good agreement between the aeroelastic model and the section model. The aeroelastic model consistently produces a roughly 30% higher maximum amplitude than the section model for the observed modes of vibration. It is confirmed that the combined three-dimensional (3D) effects due to mode shape and imperfect correlation of excitation forces amplify the VIV amplitudes and disregarding these effects may underestimate the VIV amplitudes for section model tests. A correction factor of 1.3 for the VIV amplitude of vertical modes in suspension bridges may be adopted for practical use when extrapolating the section-model results to their corresponding full-scale values.

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Section: Wind Tunnel Tests On Aeroelastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Wind Tunnel Tests On Aeroelastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental investigation of correction factor for VIV amplitude of flexible bridges from an aeroelastic model and its 1:1 section model

Zhou

Hua

Chen

et al. 2017

Engineering Structures

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“…Because of their low damping and lightweight, longspan bridges are often sensitive to vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) at a certain critical wind speed, examples of which are Second Severn Bridge, 1 Trans-Tokyo Bay Crossing Bridge, 2 and Xihoumen Bridge. 3 This type of vibration can generate mildly large amplitude response, 4 which may cause discomfort for the users, and result in fatigue problems of structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter identification of a nonlinear model using an improved version of simulated annealing

Tian

Yan

Yang

et al. 2019

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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This article aims to employ an improved simulated annealing algorithm to accurately and efficiently identify parameters of a nonlinear model which describes the nonlinear vortex-induced vertical force. In the general simulated annealing for vortex-induced vertical force models, the energy difference between the new and current solutions is very small so that the acceptance probability is close to 1. Almost all poorer solutions are accepted, which makes simulated annealing inefficient. To improve the performance of simulated annealing, an improved simulated annealing is proposed. First, the energy difference between the new and current solutions is amplified to put the acceptance probability in the interval of [0, 1]. Second, the length of the Markov chain is set as a function of the current temperature instead of the fixed value. Third, the generation criterion of the new solution is revised so that new solutions satisfy constraints and fully explore the neighborhood of the current solution. Simulation results show that improved simulated annealing has good performance in run-time and fitting. According to the results of Wilcoxon's test, improved simulated annealing outperforms the other algorithms.

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“…Irwin (1998) described the requirement for spectrum matching for bridges (essentially Equation 18 of the present paper) when using partial turbulence simulation. It was applied in sectional model tests of the Second Severn Bridge (Macdonald et al, 2002) and much better agreement with full scale observations of vortex excitation was obtained when partial turbulence simulation was used as compared to smooth flow.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial turbulence simulation method for predicting peak wind loads on small structures and building appurtenances

Mooneghi

Irwin

Chowdhury

2016

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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Large-scale wind tunnel testing is preferred for small structures and building appurtenances for maintaining modeling accuracy and minimizing Reynolds number effects. In these circumstances the ability to obtain a large enough turbulence integral scale is usually compromised by the limited dimensions of the wind tunnel. So, it is not normally possible to fully simulate the low frequency end of the turbulence spectrum. In this paper the approach is taken of dividing the turbulence into two distinct statistical processes, one at high frequencies which can be simulated in the wind tunnel, and one at low frequencies which can be treated in post-test analysis using the assumptions of quasi-steady theory. In this Partial Turbulence Simulation (PTS) method the contribution of both the high and low frequency turbulence on the wind loads on the structures is included by using the probability of load from each of the two processes, with one part coming from the wind tunnel data representing the high frequency component and the remainder from the assumed probability distribution (taken in this paper as Gaussian for generic boundary layer flow) of the missing low frequency component. The two processes are approximated as independent of each other. The efficacy and validity of the method and its various assumptions are assessed by comparing predicted local peak pressure coefficients from tests on large scale models of the Silsoe cube and Texas Tech University (TTU) building in the Wall of Wind facility at Florida International University (FIU) with the corresponding full-scale data. Generally good agreement was found between the model results and full scale, particularly when comparing the highest overall peak pressure coefficients. These results, although limited to peak local pressures on the two test buildings for which good full scale data are available, are encouraging and invite further experiments to explore the range of applicability of the PTS method. This method, although developed in the Wall of Wind facility at FIU, can be equally used in conventional boundary layer wind tunnels and has the potential to enhance the ability of existing boundary layer wind tunnel facilities to predict full scale wind loads.

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Vortex-induced vibrations of the Second Severn Crossing cable-stayed bridge?full-scale and wind tunnel measurements

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Experimental investigation of correction factor for VIV amplitude of flexible bridges from an aeroelastic model and its 1:1 section model

Experimental investigation of correction factor for VIV amplitude of flexible bridges from an aeroelastic model and its 1:1 section model

Parameter identification of a nonlinear model using an improved version of simulated annealing

Partial turbulence simulation method for predicting peak wind loads on small structures and building appurtenances

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