Vortex loops entry into type-II superconductors

Самохвалов, А. В.

doi:10.1016/0921-4534(96)00003-2

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For simplicity, we assume that the amount of the vortex flow induced by current bias in the vortex liquid phase is dominated by nucleation process 20 , 21 , 24 of the vortex strings at the interfaces. According to the GL effective description, the solitonic vortex strings are nucleated dominantly as a semicircle form at the interfaces 27 , 28 . The nucleation rate P of a vortex is given by the energy barrier Δ F , , where Ω is a frequency prefactor, k B is the Boltzmann constant, and T represents temperature 29 , 30 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex rectenna powered by environmental fluctuations

et al. 2018

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A rectenna, standing for a rectifying antenna, is an apparatus which generates d.c. electricity from electric fluctuations. It is expected to realize wireless power transmission as well as energy harvesting from environmental radio waves. To realize such rectification, devices that are made up of internal atomic asymmetry such as an asymmetric junction have been necessary so far. Here we report a material that spontaneously generates electricity by rectifying environmental fluctuations without using atomic asymmetry. The sample is a common superconductor without lowered crystalline symmetry, but, just by putting it in an asymmetric magnetic environment, it turns into a rectifier and starts generating electricity. Superconducting vortex strings only annihilate and nucleate at surfaces, and this allows the bulk electrons to feel surface fluctuations in an asymmetric environment: a vortex rectenna. The rectification and generation can be switched on and off with only a slight change in temperature or external magnetic fields.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex rectenna powered by environmental fluctuations

et al. 2018

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“…Thermal fluctuations and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless physics are beneficial for the appearance of vortex loops in layered superconductors 17 , 18 . The filamentary nature of vortices enables vortex entanglement 19 , 20 and vortex cutting and cross-joining processes 21 due to, for example, vortex-vortex collisions or interactions with boundaries/defects or surfaces 22 , which can all lead to formation of knotted or linked vortex loops. Strong magnetic inclusions inside the superconductor can nucleate vortex loops that mimic the shape of magnetic field lines 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Josephson vortex loops in nanostructured Josephson junctions

Berdiyorov

Milošević

Kusmartsev

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Linked and knotted vortex loops have recently received a revival of interest. Such three-dimensional topological entities have been observed in both classical- and super-fluids, as well as in optical systems. In superconductors, they remained obscure due to their instability against collapse – unless supported by inhomogeneous magnetic field. Here we reveal a new kind of vortex matter in superconductors - the Josephson vortex loops - formed and stabilized in planar junctions or layered superconductors as a result of nontrivial cutting and recombination of Josephson vortices around the barriers for their motion. Engineering latter barriers opens broad perspectives on loop manipulation and control of other possible knotted/linked/entangled vortex topologies in nanostructured superconductors. In the context of Josephson devices proposed to date, the high-frequency excitations of the Josephson loops can be utilized in future design of powerful emitters, tunable filters and waveguides of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, thereby pushing forward the much needed Terahertz technology.

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“…Of special interest is the structure of a physical field filling knotted tubes. Knotted field configurations, previously known in Lord Kelvin's theoretical proposal of the vertex atom hypothesis inspired by the work of Helmholtz [11], have been experimentally accessible in diverse physical and chemical systems [12], including vortex loops in superconductors [13,14], defect loops in liquid crystals [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], toroidal nematic textures [8, 23-25, 25, 26] and knotted beams of light [27][28][29]. Note that in these systems knotted fields mostly occur either in vacuum space or in the free space of viscous fluids and nematic liquid crystals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Harmonic field in knotted space

Duan

Yao

2018

Phys. Rev. E

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Knotted fields enrich a variety of physical phenomena, ranging from fluid flows, electromagnetic fields, to textures of ordered media. Maxwell's electrostatic equations, whose vacuum solution is mathematically known as a harmonic field, provide an ideal setting to explore the role of domain topology in determining physical fields in confined space. In this work, we show the uniqueness of a harmonic field in knotted tubes, and reduce the construction of a harmonic field to a Neumann boundary value problem. By analyzing the harmonic field in typical knotted tubes, we identify the torsion driven transition from bipolar to vortex patterns. We also analogously extend our discussion to the organization of liquid crystal textures in knotted tubes. These results further our understanding about the general role of topology in shaping a physical field in confined space, and may find applications in the control of physical fields by manipulation of surface topology.

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Vortex loops entry into type-II superconductors

Abstract: The magnetic field distribution, the magnetic flux, and the free energy of an

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Vortex rectenna powered by environmental fluctuations

Vortex rectenna powered by environmental fluctuations

Josephson vortex loops in nanostructured Josephson junctions

Harmonic field in knotted space

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