Vortex sheet in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

We investigate vortex states of immiscible two-component Bose-Einstein condensates under rotation through numerical simulations of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. For strong intercomponent repulsion, the two components undergo phase separation to form several density domains of the same component. In the presence of the rotation, the nucleated vortices are aligned between the domains to make up winding chains of singly quantized vortices, a vortex sheet, instead of periodic vortex lattices. The vortices of one component are located at the region of the density domains of the other component, which results in the serpentine domain structure. The sheet configuration is stable as long as the imbalance of the intracomponent parameter is small. We employ a planar sheet model to estimate the distance between neighboring sheets, determined by the competition between the surface tension of the domain wall and the kinetic energy of the superflow via quantized vortices. By comparing the several length scales in this system, the phase diagram of the vortex state is obtained.

Wall-vortex composite solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

“…Similar two-component structure can be seen also in the vortex solutions of twocomponent BEC [63]. In the strongly segregating limit (34) and (53), where the energy is optimized with respect to the variational parameter ∆ρ. The dots show the results calculated with numerical solutions.…”

“…10(e)], even though the interface area (energy) increases. This is a vortex sheet structure [53]. The reason why this vortex sheet structure is preferred is due to the fact that the absorption of the vortices into the domain wall leads to the decrease in gradient energy of the singular vortex cores.…”

“…We also study the composite soliton structure of rotating immiscible BECs in a trapping potential through 3D numerical simulations of the coupled GP equations. To reduce the gradient energy of the density, the domain wall tends to be parallel to the rotation axis and forms a vortex sheet [53]. At high rotation frequency, a lattice of 2D skyrmion can form upon the domain wall, which undergoes triangular or rectangular ordering caused by the effective intercomponent repulsion realized in the restricted system on the domain wall.…”

Disappearance of Meissner Effect and Specific Heat Jump in a Multiband Superconductor, Ba0.2K0.8Fe2As2

“…It is similar to the chiral domain structure of the triplet superconductors [31][32][33][34] or the texture in twocomponent Bose-Einstein condensates [35]. In this situation, the system enters into an ultimate quantum disorder phase.…”

Rabi-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates: Classification of the ground states, defects, and energy estimates

“…5). The difference lies in the number of stripes and the serpentine profile that appear; notice how the structures are reminiscent of the vortex sheet profiles seen in twocomponent rotating condensates in the absence of a Rabi coupling term [14,27].…”