VP49 Brazilian Consumer Willingness To Pay For Dengue Vaccine (CYD-TDV)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Dengue virus is a serious global health problem with an estimated 3.97 billion people at risk for infection worldwide. In December 2015, the first vaccine (CYD-TDV) for dengue prevention was approved in Brazil, developed by Sanofi Pasteur (1). However, given that the vaccine will potentially be paid via the public health system, information is needed regarding consumers willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine in the country, as well as discussions related to the possible inclusion of this vaccine into the public health system at prices suggested by the manufacturer. This was the objective of this research.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study with residents of Greater Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, about their willingness to pay for the CYD-TDV vaccine. Respondents had to be over 18 years and not currently have the disease although they may have had dengue in the past (2,3).RESULTS:Five-hundred and seven individuals were interviewed, who were mostly female (62.4 percent), had completed high school (62.2 percent), were working (74.4 percent), had private health insurance (64.5 percent) and did not have dengue (67.4 percent). The maximum median value of consumers willingness to pay for the CYD-TDV vaccine, assuming vaccine efficacy against virologically-confirmed symptomatic dengue illness of approximately 60 percent, is USD33.61 (BRL120.00) for the complete 3-course schedule and USD11.20 (BRL40.00) per dose. At the price currently being assessed by the Brazil's regulatory chamber of pharmaceutical products market (CMED) for Dengvaxia® for three doses, only 17 percent of the population expressed a willingness to pay for the vaccine at this price.CONCLUSIONS:Brazil is currently one of the largest markets for dengue vaccine in the world and the price established is a key issue. The manufacturer should asses the possibility of lowering its price in Brazil to reach a larger audience among the Brazilian population, especially as other public health activities to control the disease will continue.

Acceptability and willingness to pay for a hypothetical vaccine against SARS CoV-2 by the Brazilian consumer: a cross-sectional study and the implications

“…As a criterion for participation, individuals had to possess and declare an income, with individuals under 18 years of age and those without income being excluded. Interviewees may or may not have a history of COVID-19; however, at the time of the interview, they were excluded if they had symptoms or were diagnosed with the disease, which is in line with other similar studies [55][56][57]65,68]. Individuals who would not use the vaccine or would not use it even if it were free, and those who were willing to pay more than twice their declared monthly income, were excluded from the sample as established for this approach [57] and observed in similar studies [55,56,65].…”

“…The WTP for the hypothetical vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19 was estimated by the median value of the variable "maximum amount you would pay for the vaccine" and declared by individuals who were willing to pay any amount greater than or equal to zero. Other studies have applied to this methodological approach [55,56,65]. In addition, the inference methodology was used in complex samples, applied when the individuals in the original sample were not taken from the population by simple random sampling and there is a need to estimate the parameters of the variables of interest with weighting by some group variable [69].…”

“…The questionnaire (Supplementary Material) used in this study was developed by the research team, building on previous publications [55,56,65]. It comprised the following five sections: (1) Questions to test participants' knowledge regarding SARS CoV-2 disease; (2) Information on the disease, intervention, and alternatives for preventing the disease; (3) Questions to assess their understanding of the information provided; (4) Discrete Choice, Bidding Game, and Open-Ended Questions including questions to identify whether individuals would pay U$18.48 (100.00 BRL) for a single dose of the hypothetical SARS CoV-2 vaccine as well as questions to estimate the range of values that respondents would pay for the technology; and (5) a socioeconomic questionnaire [57].…”

The Public Demand for a Dengue Fever Vaccine: A Contingent Valuation Survey in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

“…Previous research that has focused on estimating the private demand for dengue fever vaccine programs at a country level has been conducted in various countries, such as in Metro Manila, Philippines (Palanca-Tan, 2008), Indonesia (Harapan et al, 2017), Vietnam (Nguyen et al, 2018), Brazil (Godoi et al, 2017), and South Korea (Amarasinghe et al, 2010b). However, none of these has evaluated a nation's ability to financially subsidize a public dengue fever vaccination program nor examined how much the public is willing to pay for it.…”

“…However, given that the vaccine would potentially be paid for via the public health system, information was needed regarding consumers' willingness to pay for the vaccine in order to discuss about the possible inclusion of this vaccine into the public health system in the first place needed to take place. Godoi et al (2017) addressed these issues using a cross-sectional data set with residents of Greater Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerals to estimate their willingness to pay for dengue fever vaccine. After interviewing 507 respondents, they found that the maximum median value of consumers' WTP was $33.61 USD.…”