VSG-Based Dynamic Frequency Support Control for Autonomous PV–Diesel Microgrids

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the use of a novel virtual synchronous generator (VSG) to provide dynamic frequency support in an autonomous photovoltaic (PV)-diesel hybrid microgrid with an energy storage system (ESS). Due to the lack of enough rotating machines, PV fluctuation might give rise to unacceptable frequency excursions in the microgrid. The VSG entails controlling the voltage-source inverter (VSI) to emulate a virtual inertial and a virtual damping via power injection from/to the ESS. The effect of the VSG on the frequency is investigated. The virtual inertia decreases the maximum frequency deviation (MFD) and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), but in exchange for raising the virtual inertia, the system is more oscillating. Meanwhile, raising the virtual damping brings reductions in the amplitude of the oscillations of frequency. However, the dynamic frequency support provided by them is lagging behind. In this regard, an improved VSG based on the differential feedforward of the diesel generator set (DGS) output current is proposed to further mitigate the MFD and the RoCoF. Simulations and experimental results from an autonomous microgrid consisted of a 400 kW DGS, and a 100 kVA VSG are provided to validate the discussion.

Towards Developing an Automated Faults Characterisation Framework for Rotating Machines. Part 1: Rotor-Related Faults

“…Adequate knowledge about the modal properties of a structure immensely paves way for design upgrades, faults diagnosis and remaining useful life enhancement [45,46]. Based on this premise, the impact-response method of experimental modal analysis was also used here to establish an understanding of the dynamic behaviours of the rig as well as validate the origins of subsequent faults diagnostic [47][48][49][50] features (especially spectral peaks). During the experimental modal testing, the complete rig assembly was excited by an ICP-PCB type instrumented hammer and the corresponding vibration responses were measured using the accelerometers.…”

Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Energy Storage System for PV Power Fluctuation Mitigation

“…-Selection − I: There are three things done in Selection − I such as update P best matrix, memorize the previous experience (oldP) and random order based on Equation (16), and generate binary integer-valued matrix (map).…”

“…Novel control for VSG based on algebraic with a minimal number of the parameter was introduced in [15] to suppress the fluctuation of frequency and voltage. As the designed parameters of the VSG is a challenging task, the authors [16][17][18] presented the method for tuning the parameters (J and D) of the VSG to improve the dynamic response of the system and to attenuate the frequency fluctuation. However, in those paper, the value of J and D are adapted based on the predefined criteria.…”

Real-Time Implementation of Robust Control Strategies Based on Sliding Mode Control for Standalone Microgrids Supplying Non-Linear Loads

“…Considering the transport and fuel costs, electricity in these isolated areas is costly. In addition, the performance of a DG is reduced when it is operated at light load, as well as, when connected to balanced and unbalanced nonlinear loads [4]. Many solutions are proposed in the literature to solve these issues and to reduce CO 2 emissions [5][6][7][8].…”