Vulcanisaeta thermophila sp. nov., a hyperthermophilic and acidophilic crenarchaeon isolated from solfataric soil

Abstract

An anaerobic, rod-shaped, hyperthermophilic and acidophilic crenarchaeon, designated strain CBA1501 T , was isolated from solfataric soil of the Mayon volcano in the Republic of the Philippines. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CBA1501 T is affiliated with the genus Vulcanisaeta in the phylum Crenarchaeota. DNA sequence similarities between the 16S rRNA gene of strain CBA1501 T and those of Vulcanisaeta distributa IC-017 T and Vulcanisaeta souniana IC-059 T were 98.5 and 97.4 %, respectively. Strain CBA1501 T grew between 75-90 6C, over a pH range of 4.0-6.0 and in the presence of 0-1.0 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimal growth occurring at 85 6C, pH 5.0, and with 0 % (w/v) NaCl. Fumarate, malate, oxidized glutathione, sulfur and thiosulfate were used as final electron acceptors, but FeCl 3 , nitrate and sulfate were not. The DNA G+C content of strain CBA1501 T was 43

Genomic Analysis of Vulcanisaeta thermophila Type Strain CBA1501T Isolated from Solfataric Soil

“…In a previous study, we isolated V. thermophila CBA1501 T from the solfataric soil of the Mayon volcano in the Republic of the Philippines (Yim et al, 2015 ) and cultivated it on modified JCM medium no. 236 (M236) (containing per liter salt base solution: 2.94 g trisodium citrate dihydrate, 0.5 g yeast extract, 10.0 ml trace vitamins, 1.0 mg resazurin, 0.5 g Na 2 S·9H 2 O, and 20 mM thiosulfate).…”

“…The genus Vulcanisaeta belongs to the family Thermoproteaceae , order Thermoproteales , phylum Crenarchaeota , and was first proposed by Itoh et al ( 2002 ). It currently includes 3 validly named species, that is, Vulcanisaeta distributa (Itoh et al, 2002 ), V. souniana (Itoh et al, 2002 ), and V. thermophila (Yim et al, 2015 ), as per the List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature database (Parte, 2014 ). Members of the genus Vulcanisaeta are rod-shaped, anaerobic, hyperthermophilic, and acidophilic (Itoh et al, 2002 ).…”

“…These enzymes can be studied using model systems to elucidate enzyme mechanisms and evolution of proteins stable at high temperatures and to determine the higher temperature limit for enzyme stability (Vieille and Zeikus, 2001 ). In a previous study, V. thermophila CBA1501 T (= ATCC BAA-2415 T = JCM 17228 T ) was isolated from solfataric soil in the Republic of the Philippines (Yim et al, 2015 ). It was found to grow at 75–90°C, pH 4.0–6.0, and 0–1.0% (w/v) NaCl, with optimal growth at 85°C, pH 5.0, and 0% (w/v) NaCl.…”

Thermoproteus thermophilus sp. nov., a hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon isolated from solfataric soil

“…A soil sample from a solfataric thermal field was collected, as previously described (Yim et al , 2015). A 5 g sample of this was enriched at 80 °C for one month using Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM) medium number 236 (M236), containing components as follows: 2.94 g trisodium citrate dihydrate, 0.5 g yeast extract (BD), 10.0 ml trace vitamins, 1.0 mg resazurin, 0.5 g Na 2 S.9H 2 O and 10.0 g sulfur in 1 litre salt base solution, prepared anaerobically according to the JCM culture medium guidelines.…”

“…The genomic DNA extraction, PCR-amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, and phylogenetic analysis were carried out as previously described (Yim et al , 2015). A nearly full-length (1435 bp) 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CBA1502 T was obtained.…”