Vulnerability of human settlements to flood risk in the core area of Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria

Abstract

Flood disasters continue to wreak havoc on the lives of millions of people worldwide, causing death and massive economic losses. In most African cities, residents and their assets are among the most vulnerable to flood risks in the world. The nature and scale of this urban risk are changing because of the dynamic patterns of land use, unplanned growth and impacts of climate change. Flood risk is the product of the flood hazards, the vulnerability and exposure of the people and their physical environment. In order to minimise flood disaster, there is an urgent need to understand, invest in flood disaster risk reduction for resilience and to enhance disaster preparedness for an effective response as articulated in the recent Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. This research utilises a new proposed flood vulnerability assessment framework for flood risk in a traditional community in the heart of Ibadan metropolis, in the context of their households’ exposure, susceptibility and coping capacity through a well-designed questionnaire survey. The study uses descriptive and inferential statistics techniques to provide a detailed understanding of the vulnerability profiles of the community and the levels of residents’ preparedness to mitigate the flood risk. The results of the statistical analysis show that there is a significant relationship between residents’ flood awareness and having previous flood experience, but there is no significant association between their awareness of risk and the level of preparedness for flooding. To minimise exposure and vulnerability to flood risk, we advocate effective adaptation policies to achieve disaster risk reduction and resilience on flood risk rather than focusing merely on reactive measures after disaster strikes.

Residents' perception of flood risk and urban stream restoration using multi‐criteria decision analysis

“…Similar findings were reported by Salami, Von Meding, and Giggins (2017) and Hong, Chang, and Chung (2018). These authors state the extended residence and family size were highly associated with significant agendas, such as flood prevention, water quality control, and streamflow management of stream restoration.…”

“…These authors state the extended residence and family size were highly associated with significant agendas, such as flood prevention, water quality control, and streamflow management of stream restoration. However, JC case results did not precisely match the findings of the previous studies addressed by Hong et al (2018) and Salami et al (2017). Their contrasting findings can be understood as a result of reflecting respondents' victim mentality from flooding experiences related to long residence periods in the watershed.…”

“…However, respondents of S2 with short residence (recent migrants) could not realize the importance of flood management. Besides, recent migrants in S2 were likely to be highly interested in using the waterfront spaces of JC for public recreational activities to the local communities rather than nature‐friendly amenity from ecological services shown in the cases of Salami et al (2017) and Hong et al (2018). Compared to major riverine flooding in other regions, Johnson Creek has more nuisance flooding with shallow flood areas (30–90 cm).…”

Flood vulnerability level analysis as a hydrological disaster mitigation effort in Krueng Jreue Sub-Watershed, Aceh Besar, Indonesia

“…It is performed by technical means, namely the application of conservation principles through mechanical and vegetative means, as well as non-technical means through legal policy, law enforcement and socialisation in the form of sympathetic invitation to the community. It is in line with Salami et al (2017) who suggest effective adaptation policies to minimise exposure and vulnerability to flood risk.…”

Evaluation of CYGNSS Observations for Flood Detection and Mapping during Sistan and Baluchestan Torrential Rain in 2020

“…There have been many human, environmental, social, and economic losses, which are beyond the power of the community to tolerate [1]. Floods have been considered as one of the most catastrophic events, causing extensive damage to the artificial and natural environment and devastation to human settlements [2]. Economic losses due to the effects of damaging floods have increased significantly around the world [3].…”