Vulnerability of orphan caregivers vs. non-orphan caregivers in KwaZulu-Natal

DeSilva, Mary Bachman; Beard, Jennifer; Cakwe, Mandisa; McCoy, Kelly L.; Nkosi, Busisiwe; Parikh, Anokhi; Quinlan, Tim; Skalicky, Anne; Tshabangu-Soko, S.; Zhuwau, Tom; Simon, Jonathon L

doi:10.1080/17450120701868411

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Some researchers have suggested that adults who are most likely to care for orphaned children in sub-Saharan Africa are themselves vulnerable to health, social, and economic problems (Bachman DeSilva et al, 2008; Heuveline, 2004; Ssengonzi, 2007) and this carer-family dynamic can exacerbate vulnerabilities of the orphaned children (Cluver & Operario, 2008). A review of studies on carers of orphaned children showed a limited body of research on the health outcomes of carers (Kuo & Operario, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health of adults caring for orphaned children in an HIV-endemic community in South Africa

Kuo

Operario

2011

AIDS Care

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In South Africa, an estimated 2.5 million children have been orphaned by AIDS and other causes of adult mortality. Although there is a growing body of research on the well-being of South African orphaned children, few research studies have examined the health of adult individuals caring for children in HIV endemic communities. The cross-sectional survey assessed prevalence of general health and functioning (based on Short-Form 36 version 2 scale), depression (based on Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale), anxiety (using Kessler-10 scale), and post-traumatic stress (using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire) among a representative community sample of adults caring for children in Umlazi Township, an HIV endemic community in South Africa. Of 1599 respondents, 33% (n=530) were carers of orphaned children. Results showed that, overall, carers reported poor general health and functioning, and elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Carers of orphaned children reported significantly poorer general health and functioning and higher rates of depression and post-traumatic stress compared to carers of non-orphaned children. In multivariate analyses, orphan carer and non-orphan carer differences in general health were accounted for by age, gender, education, economic assets, and source of income, but differences in depression were independent of these co-factors. Interventions are needed to address physical and mental health of carers in general. Greater health problems among orphan carers appeared to be fully explained by socioeconomic characteristics, which offer opportunities for targeting of programs. More research is needed to understand determinants of mental health disparities among orphan carers, which were not explained by socioeconomic characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health of adults caring for orphaned children in an HIV-endemic community in South Africa

Kuo

Operario

2011

AIDS Care

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“… a Cluver, Gardner, and Operario (2009); b Self-generated; c DeSilva et al (2008); d Coates, Swindale, and Bilinsky (2007); e Rutstein and Johnson (2004). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Making it personal”: ideology, the arts, and shifting registers in health promotion

Ruthven

2016

AIDS Care

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In South Africa, health promotion related to HIV/AIDS has been characterised as a component of public health prevention. It has heavily utilised global health ideology to construct promotional messages that rely on neoliberal models of individual, responsible health citizenship. However, after nearly 30 years of public health messaging, there have been only minor shifts in the country's HIV prevalence rates; it has become apparent that there is disconnect between policy, programmes, and target audiences. Debates about where this disconnect occurs tend to focus on the role of problems in biomedical knowledge translation or with structural inequalities that lead to health inequity. As debates increase, artists involved in health have emerged to address an additional reason: audience interpellation. In this article, I interrogate relationships between health promotion ideology and processes of interpellation. I suggest that disconnect between the two has roots in the tone of programming, the ways sociality is constructed within health promotion, and the kind of subject which global prevention programmes seek to constitute. Using a case study, I illustrate how public health ideology is made actionable through arts practice. While conventional health promotion programmes address populations in a way that allows individuals to distance themselves, members of South Africa's arts sector have worked to integrate prevention and care in a way that bolsters interpellation through making messages personal. The case study presents one performance but is informed by my broader research with over 20 theatrical groups conducted during 18 months of fieldwork. Analysis of the production reveals that artists act as mediators between population-level public health messages and individuals through the embodied technologies of applied theatre. However, I argue that artists also create space for participants to reimagine configurations of care, responsibility, and intimacy within health practices. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Newcastle is the regional industrial centre and the district's agricultural node. Formal employment and social grants underpin livelihoods in the district (Bachman et al, 2008;Beard, 2005). Employment opportunities lie primarily in the industrial, retail and residential sectors of the town, which are expanding.…”

Section: Site 2: Amajuba District South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Key to a good life’ or just a bad investment? How do carers of children view and value education in the context of high HIV and AIDS?

Casale

Drimie²

2010

Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies

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In the face of a generalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus (AIDS) epidemic in Southern Africa, children's education is viewed increasingly as a key area of concern as well as a potential opportunity for HIV intervention. However, the relationship between HIV and AIDS and education is a complex one, as the epidemic may influence educational indicators negatively through multiple pathways. This paper focuses upon one of these potential pathways: caregivers' attitudes to and perceptions of formal education. We argue that this area has not been afforded adequate attention among researchers and practitioners in Southern Africa despite evidence, from both the developed and developing world, that parental attitudes are important influencers of children's attitudes to education and educational outcomes. A review of recent empirical literature, and findings of a 2006-07 exploratory study we conducted across three sites in Southern Africa, suggest that economic factors or considerations -rather than health and objective life expectancy -are central in influencing the value caregivers attribute to children's formal education, even in a context of generalized HIV/AIDS. Further integrated qualitative and quantitative investigation is clearly needed in our region to explore determinants of parental attitudes to education among communities highly affected by the epidemic, and how these attitudes affect education-related decisions and outcomes. Interventions have a greater possibility of succeeding if they aim to support income-generating opportunities and include efforts to bridge schooling and health education with economic opportunities. Moreover, conditional transfers and school-based interventions or services are more likely to be effective at ensuring school attendance than unconditional transfers, particularly where the value caregivers attribute to education is low.

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Vulnerability of orphan caregivers vs. non-orphan caregivers in KwaZulu-Natal

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Health of adults caring for orphaned children in an HIV-endemic community in South Africa

Health of adults caring for orphaned children in an HIV-endemic community in South Africa

“Making it personal”: ideology, the arts, and shifting registers in health promotion

‘Key to a good life’ or just a bad investment? How do carers of children view and value education in the context of high HIV and AIDS?

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