W-band Radial Power Combiner based on Circularly Polarized TE<sub>11</sub> Mode

Zhan, Jie; Zhan, Min; He, W.

doi:10.1109/ieee-iws.2019.8803868

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Results from the fraction of surviving cells are then compared with Zhan and Xu, 2014 in which shows a good agreement with them (Figure ( 13)) [46]. The slight error between the results is due to the geometry of non-uniform microvessels and the computational domain.…”

Section: Solute Transportmentioning

confidence: 58%

Spatio-temporal investigation of doxorubicin in a 3D heterogeneous tumor microenvironment

Shojaee

Alinezhad

Sefidgar

2020

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is a type of chemotherapy drugs using to treat diseases such as breast cancer, bladder cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, and lymphoma. Additionally, it can be first prescribed to reduce tumor size. The ratio of killed cells is varied depending on the clinical dosage regimen. Hence, the exact dosage of the drug must be administered to prevent the toxicity that could impair the immune system or leading to heart failure. In the present study, a 3D heterogeneous geometry with a solid tumor and healthy tissue is modeled for the drug delivery investigation. At the first stage, the physical properties of tumor microenvironment are obtained. Then, a five-compartmental model is used to evaluate the free, bound and internalized drug via the convection-diffusion-reaction (CDR) equation. Results are shown that a percent increase of 37.5% and 47.1% for the 75 mg m −2 to 50 mg m −2 in the AUC of bound drug and free drug concentration, respectively. The free and bound drugs have the same trend in time showing an apex at the earliest time of injection and then drops to the lowest amount about 9 hours after treatment. Moreover, the internalized drug has a different trend in time. It increases and reaches a constant amount of drug concentration in the cells. Besides, the fraction of surviving cells is also evaluated for both tumor and healthy tissues showing a 88.62% and 97.76% of surviving cells with 50 mg m −2 of doxorubicin after the treatment, respectively. This model is developed to predict the heterogenous distribution of doxorubicin in three different drug concentrations for patient-specific drug treatment. This model could be used for different drugs to show the rate of perfusion and the ability to kill cancerous cells regarding their different doses and toxicity effects.

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Section: Solute Transportmentioning

confidence: 58%

Spatio-temporal investigation of doxorubicin in a 3D heterogeneous tumor microenvironment

Shojaee

Alinezhad

Sefidgar

2020

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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“…Rotationally symmetric modes of the circular waveguides are all high-order modes, and the lower-order modes cannot be filtered out, which may cause unexpected mutation in amplitude and phase. To solve such problems, a radial power combining scheme based on the CP mode is proposed [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like the TE 11 mode in circular waveguides, as it is the main mode, operating in the single-mode region can eliminate the influence from other modes. Zhan et al designed such a network by using CP TE 11 mode, and the circular polarizer is based on 3 dB directional coupler and turnstile structure [4] . Although the phase difference is good, the structure is so complex that the insertion loss after processing reaches 3 dB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 330-GHz Radial Power Division/Combination Network Based on Circularly Polarized TE11 Mode

Yu,

Yan,

Gong

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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To compensate for severe mode interference and machining difficulties above the W-band of the traditional radial power combining scheme, a radial power division/combination network based on circularly polarized (CP) TE11 mode is designed. Firstly, the amplitude and phase distribution of the branches of a radial power divider under the excitation of CP mode are analyzed. The amplitudes of each branch are approximately equal, and the phase increases/decreases with equal differences. Therefore, a radial power divider with 16 branches based on a septum circular polarizer (SCP) is designed. An orthogonal cascade structure (OCS) and a parallel cascade structure (PCS) are proposed, and it is concluded that to obtain higher transmission efficiency, OCS and PCS should be used respectively when the phase or amplitude difference of SCP is worse. Finally, the power divider and a microstrip probe transition structure are cascaded back-to-back by using OCS, and the power division/combination network is obtained. Simulation results show that at 310-360 GHz, the amplitude difference of the branches of the power divider is less than ±0.35 dB; the combining efficiency of the power division/combination network is greater than 90%. This network has the advantages of single-mode operation, simple structure, and high combining efficiency. In addition, this article provides a feasible solution to the problem of depolarization loss caused by the cascade of SCPs.

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“…Output power available from an individual solid-state power amplifier is very limited, especially at high frequencies, so that multi-way power combining is essential to achieve a high output power [1], [2]. Rectangular waveguide-based radial power combiners are widely used at millimeter-wave frequencies to produce high output powers by combining power amplifier modules [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]. They utilize the radial symmetry of the cylindrical cavity with a coupling structure of circular waveguide at the center of the cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Broadband Radial Power Combiner Using a Dipole Antenna-Based TM Mode Transducer

2022

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A TM 01 mode transducer based on dipole antenna is proposed to design a broadband and low-loss radial power combiner at . It is an essential component in the radial power combiners to convert the electromagnetic modes between rectangular and circular waveguides. The latter feeds the cylindrical cavity in TM 01 mode of which the fields exhibit a circular symmetry. The proposed TM 01 mode transducer consists of the dipole antenna, microstrip, and probe on a dielectric substrate. It is an in-line mode transducer. In other words, the rectangular and circular waveguides are aligned along the same axis of wave propagation. Therefore, it does not require the waveguide components such as tee junctions, steps, and bends which are normally used in the traditional mode transducers and increase the complexity, size, and loss of entire power combiner. The eight-way radial junction is also designed using a cylindrical cavity, where the rectangular waveguides are placed along the circumference of the cylindrical cavity. The dimensions of each component are determined based on the full-wave electromagnetic simulations. The designed eight-way radial power combiner consisting of the TM 01 mode transducer and radial junction is fabricated in four-split blocks by mechanical machining. In the measurements, the proposed power combiner exhibits a broadband and low-loss performance under a compact size while maintaining the magnitude and phase balances between the eight ports.INDEX TERMS Ka-band, millimeter waveguide power combiner/divider, mode-conversion, radial junction, TM 01 mode transducer.

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W-band Radial Power Combiner based on Circularly Polarized TE₁₁ Mode

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Spatio-temporal investigation of doxorubicin in a 3D heterogeneous tumor microenvironment

Spatio-temporal investigation of doxorubicin in a 3D heterogeneous tumor microenvironment

A 330-GHz Radial Power Division/Combination Network Based on Circularly Polarized TE11 Mode

A Broadband Radial Power Combiner Using a Dipole Antenna-Based TM Mode Transducer

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W-band Radial Power Combiner based on Circularly Polarized TE11 Mode

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Spatio-temporal investigation of doxorubicin in a 3D heterogeneous tumor microenvironment

Spatio-temporal investigation of doxorubicin in a 3D heterogeneous tumor microenvironment

A 330-GHz Radial Power Division/Combination Network Based on Circularly Polarized TE11 Mode

A Broadband Radial Power Combiner Using a Dipole Antenna-Based TM Mode Transducer

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Product

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W-band Radial Power Combiner based on Circularly Polarized TE₁₁ Mode