W exsolution promotes the in situ reconstruction of a NiW electrode with rich active sites for the electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)

Abstract

W exsolution induces surface defects, promoting the in situ self-reconstruction and formation of high-valance Ni with superior activity towards HMFOR.

Electronic Modulation Induced by Ni‐VN Heterojunction Reinforces Electrolytic Hydrogen Evolution Coupled with Biomass Upgrade

“…[ 23,30 ] Nevertheless, more efforts are still needed to improve the activity of Ni‐based catalysts for H 2 O‐HMF paired electrolysis, such as rapidly enriching more NiOOH species on the surface of catalysts to motivate HMF EOR, weakening the adsorption strength of H* intermediates on metallic Ni to enhance its intrinsic HER activity. [ 16,28 ]…”

“…[14,15] More gratifyingly, as the anodic substitution reaction, HMF EOR takes priority in thermodynamics and kinetics than OER. [16,17] It follows that integrating the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and HMF EOR not only reduces the voltage input of the system, but also simultaneously generates valuable chemical raw materials/fuels at two electrodes, thereby maximizing the economic feedback of the H 2 production process. [18,19] Still, for pairing HER with HMF EOR in the same electrolyzer, the available catalysts are limited, because there is a serious difference in the potential required for HER and HMF EOR which makes the electrolysis system more complex.…”

“…[23,30] Nevertheless, more efforts are still needed to improve the activity of Ni-based catalysts for H 2 O-HMF paired electrolysis, such as rapidly enriching more NiOOH species on the surface of catalysts to motivate HMF EOR, weakening the adsorption strength of H* intermediates on metallic Ni to enhance its intrinsic HER activity. [16,28] Interfacial engineering is an advisable strategy for designing the intriguing electrocatalysis, in virtue of the local electronic configuration of catalytic sites at the interface regulated by the heterogenous components. [21,31] Accordingly, the heterojunction is generally capable of powerful catalysis by accelerating the electron transfer and adjusting the adsorption/desorption of intermediates.…”

“…[38] Besides, during the oxidation reaction, vanadium oxides derived on the surface of VN can dissolve in the alkaline electrolyte, which offers porous architectures for enriching active NiOOH species. [16] Thus, it may easily be conceived that, the rational cooperation between metal Ni and VN may provide a possibility for boosting the energy-efficient H 2 O-HMF paired electrolysis.…”

Deep Reconstruction of Mo‐based OER Pre‐Catalysts in Water Electrolysis at High Current Densities

“…Mo‐based catalysts belong to this category, for which selective leaching of Mo leads to a reconstruction of the catalyst [13,14,23,28,29] . Other reported materials are tungsten, [30] vanadium, [31] and cerium‐based catalysts [32,33] …”