W+W− production cross section and W branching fractions in e+e− collisions at 189 GeV

Abbiendi, G.; Ackerstaff, K.; Ainsley, C.; Åkesson, P. F.; Alexander, G.; Allison, J.; Anderson, K. J.; Arcelli, S.; Asai, S.; Ashby, S. F.; Axen, D.; Azuelos, G.; Bailey, I.; Ball, A. H.; Barberio, E.; Barlow, R. J.; Baumann, S.; Behnke, T.; Bell, K. W.; Bella, G.; Bellerive, A.; Benelli, G.; Bentvelsen, S.; Bethke, S.; Biebel, O.; Bloodworth, I. J.; Boeriu, O.; Bock, P.; Böhme, J.; Bonacorsi, D.; Boutemeur, M.; Braibant, S.; Bright-Thomas, P.; Brigliadori, L.; Brown, R. M.; Burckhart, H.; Cammin, J.; Capiluppi, P.; Carnegie, R. K.; Carter, A. A.; Carter, J. R.; Chang, C. Y.; Charlton, D. G.; Clarke, P. E.L.; Clay, E.; Cohen, I.; Cooke, O. C.; Couchman, J.; Couyoumtzelis, C.; Coxe, R. L.; Csilling, Á.; Cuffiani, M.; Dado, S.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Dallison, S.; Roeck, A. De; Wolf, EA De; Dervan, P.; Desch, K.; Dienes, B.; Dixit, M. S.; Donkers, M.; Dubbert, J.; Duchovni, E.; Duckeck, G.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Estabrooks, P. G.; Etzion, E.; Fabbri, F.; Fanti, M.; Felď, L.; Ferrari, P.; Fiedler, F.; Fleck, I.; Ford, M.; Frey, A.; Fürtjes, A.; Futyan, D. I.; Gagnon, P.; Gary, J. W.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, C.; Giacomelli, G.; Giacomelli, P.; Glenzinskí, D.; Goldberg, J.; Grandi, C.; Graham, K.; Gross, E.; Grunhaus, J.; Gruwé, M.; Günther, P. O.; Hajdú, C.; Hanson, G.; Hansroul, M.; Hapke, M.; Harder, K.; Harel, A.; Harin-Dirac, M.; Hauke, A.; Hauschild, M.; Hawkes, C. M.; Hawkings, R. J.; Hemingway, R. J.; Hensel, C.; Herten, G.; Heuer, R. D.; Hill, J. C.; Höcker, A.; Hoffman, K. D.; Homer, R. J.; Honma, A. K.; Horváth, D.; Hossain, K. R.; Howard, Robert; Hüntemeyer, P.; Igo‐Kemenes, P.; Ishii, K.; Jacob, F. R.; Jawahery, A.; Jérémie, H.; Jones, C. R.; Jovanović, P.; Junk, T. R.; Kanaya, N.; Kanzaki, J.; Karapetian, G.; Karlen, D.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Kawagoe, K.; Kawamoto, T.; Keeler, R.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kennedy, B. W.; Kim, D. H.; Klein, K.; Klier, A.; Kluth, S.; Kobayashi, T.; Kobel, M.; Kokott, T. P.; Komamiya, S.; Kowalewski, R.; Kress, T.; Krieger, P.; Krogh, J. von; Kühl, T.; Küpper, M.; Kyberd, P.; Lafferty, G. D.; Landsman, H.; Lanske, D.; Lawson, I.; Layter, J. G.; Leins, A.; Lellouch, D.; Letts, J.; Levinson, L.; Liebisch, R.; Lillich, J.; List, B.; Littlewood, C.; Lloyd, A. W.; Lloyd, S. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Long, G. D.; Losty, M. J.; Lu, J.; Ludwig, J.; Macchiolo, A.; Macpherson, A.; Mader, W. F.; Marcellini, S.; Marchant, T. E.; Martin, Andrew J.; Martin, J. P.; Martı́nez, G.; Mäshimo, T.; Mättig, P.; McDonald, W. J.; McKenna, J. A.; McMahon, T. J.; McPherson, R. A.; Meijers, F.; Mendez-Lorenzo, P.; Menges, W.; Merritt, F. S.; Mes, H.; Michelini, A.; Mihara, S.; Mikenberg, G.; Miller, D. J.; Mohr, W.; Montanari, A.; Mori, T.; Nagai, K.; Nakamura, I.; Neal, H. A.; Nisius, R.; O’Neale, S. W.; Oakham, F. G.; Odorici, F.; Ogren, H. O.; Oh, A.; Okpara, A.; Oreglia, M. J.; Orito, S.; Pásżtor, G.; Pater, J. R.; Patrick, G. N.; Patt, J.; Pfeifenschneider, P.; Pilcher, J. E.; Pinfold, J. L.; Plane, D. E.; Poli, B.; Polok, J.; Pooth, O.; Przybycień, M.; Quadt, A.; Rembser, C.; Renkel, P.; Rick, H.; Rodning, N.; Roney, J. M.; Rosati, S.; Roscoe, K.; Rossi, A. M.; Rozen, Y.; Runge, K.; Runólfsson, Ö.; Rust, D. R.; Sachs, K.; Saeki, T.; Sahr, O.; Sarkisyan, E. K.G.; Sbarra, C.; Schaile, A. D.; Schaile, O.; Scharff-Hansen, P.; Schröder, M.; Schumacher, M.; Schwick, C.; Scott, W. G.; Seuster, R.; Shears, T.; Shen, B. C.; Shepherd‐Themistocleous, C. H.; Sherwood, P.; Siroli, G. P.; Skuja, A.; Smith, A. M.; Snow, G. A.; Sobie, R. J.; Söldner-Rembold, S.; Spagnolo, S.; Sproston, M.; Stahl, A.; Stephens, K.; Stoll, K.; Strom, D.; Ströhmer, R.; Stumpf, L.; Surrow, B.; Talbot, S. D.; Tarem, S.; Taylor, R. J.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thiergen, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thomson, M. A.; Torrence, E.; Towers, S.; Toya, D.; Trefzger, T.; Trigger, I. M.; Trócsányi, Z. L.; Tsur, E.; Turner-Watson, M. F.; Ueda, I.; Vachon, B.; Vannerem, P.; Verzocchi, M.; Voss, H.; Vossebeld, J.; Waller, D.; Ward, C. P.; Ward, D. R.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, N. K.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wermes, N.; Wetterling, D.; White, J. S.; Wilson, G. W.; Wilson, J. A.; Wyatt, T. R.; Yamashita, Shinji; Zacek, V.; Zer-Zion, D.

doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(00)01085-6

Cited by 34 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In order to shower the hardest emission configurations, we first compute a set of parton shower branching kinematics, Φ HW++ R , corresponding to the hard radiation. More specifically, we precisely determine the Herwig++ branching variables [83] which would have been assigned to exactly this momentum configuration had it been generated by initiating the parton shower from the underlying Born configuration 5 . Having ascertained how the hardest emission event may be reproduced by the usual parton shower apparatus, we return to the underlying Born configuration and proceed as follows:…”

Section: Truncated and Vetoed Parton Showersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of electroweak gauge boson pairs is a subject of significant interest in collider physics. Weak boson pair production was first studied in detail at LEP2, at centreof-mass energies of up to 209 GeV [1][2][3][4][5], with the aim of precisely measuring the W boson mass and with a view to directly probing and testing the non-Abelian character of the Standard Model gauge structure. In the period 1996-2000 approximately 40000 W + W − and 1000 ZZ events were recorded by the four LEP experiments [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A positive-weight next-to-leading order simulation of weak boson pair production

Hamilton¹

2011

J. High Energ. Phys.

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In this article we describe simulations of ZZ, W ± Z and W + W − production based on the positive weight next-to-leading-order (NLO) matching scheme, Powheg, in the Herwig++ event generator. Building on earlier efforts within the Herwig++ framework, the simulation includes a full description of truncated showering effects, required to correctly model soft, wide angle, emissions in angular-ordered parton showers. We utilize simple relations among each of the diboson cross sections, holding to O(α S ), in constructing the simulation. Spin correlation effects are also included in the decays of the vector bosons at the tree order. A large part of this work is concerned with a full and thorough validation of the simulations through comparisons with alternative methods and calculations.

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Section: Truncated and Vetoed Parton Showersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A positive-weight next-to-leading order simulation of weak boson pair production

Hamilton¹

2011

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…In the extreme circumstance when the fit always returns the reference mass, the analysis would, of course, have no sensitivity. 29. Truncated mean of the difference between the reconstructed W mass and the two-parton mass for events with log y 45 < −6, and a jet pairing likelihood greater than 0.6, as function of the W mass used to generate the Monte Carlo sample.…”

Section: Jet Pairingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 9 shows distribution in the four variables used to define the OPAL likelihood for hadronic W-pairs at a center-of-mass energy of 189 GeV. 29 The points correspond to data, the cross-hatched regions to background and the remainder to signal. The final selection efficiencies in the all-hadronic channel range from 80% to 90 %, and the purities from 70% to 80%, for all the major LEP detectors.…”

Section: Selection Of W Pair Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Properties of the W Boson at Lep, and the Precision Determination of Its Mass

Ströhmer¹

2003

Int. J. Mod. Phys. A

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We review the precision measurement of the mass and couplings of the W Boson at LEP. The total and differential W + W − cross section is used to extract the WWZ and WWγ couplings. We discuss the techniques used by the four LEP experiments to determine the W mass in different decay channels, and present the details of methods used to evaluate the sources of systematic uncertainty.August 9, 2018 3:48 WSPC/Guidelines-IJMPA main 8 Raimund Ströhmer energies of both charged and neutral hadrons are measured by showers they produce through strong interactions within the detector material.The only particles that do not produce electromagnetic or hadronic showers, and are therefore not stopped within the calorimeters, are muons and neutrinos. Muons do not interact strongly and, compared to electrons, their bremsstrahlung is greatly suppressed because of their much larger mass. Muons are identified beyond the hadron calorimeter using ionization detectors. Only the muon detectors of L3 reside within a magnetic field, and can be used to measure the muon momentum. In the other three LEP experiments, the signals in the muon detectors have to be matched with a reconstructed track in the inner tracking detectors, in order to determine the muon momentum. Neutrinos interact only weakly. Because of their extremely small scattering cross section, they leave the detector without interacting, and can therefore not be detected directly in any LEP detector. Monte Carlo SimulationAn important tool in interpreting LEP data involves the comparison of measurements with predictions based on Monte Carlo simulations. Precision measurements are used typically to determine parameters of theory (e.g., the mass of the W boson) that agree best with the observed data. The theory, however, only predicts the properties of fundamental particles (e.g., the quarks and leptons from W-boson decay). Monte Carlo simulations must therefore be used to estimate the effects of the fragmentation of quarks into hadrons, and the acceptance and resolution of the detector. Well-understood processes are used to test and to calibrate such Monte Carlo simulations, which can be regarded as tools for extrapolating the effects of fragmentation and detector resolution from known test samples to events used in the precision measurement. In addition to this extrapolation, Monte Carlo studies provide an important tool for the optimization of any analysis. The statistical precision and effects of systematic uncertainties can be checked using large samples of Monte Carlo events, for which the results are already known.The first step in the generation of a Monte Carlo event involves the simulation of the primary interaction. Several programs are usually used to simulate the process e + e − → 4f . The KoralW program 10 provides either the CC03 diagrams, or, by interfacing with the Grace4f program, 11 the full leading-order four-fermion matrix elements. The program Excalibur 12 can also be used to calculate the four-fermion matrix elements. Both programs contain a detailed implement...

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Search for Higgs Bosons at LEP2 and Hadron Colliders

Trefzger¹

2001

Fortschr. Phys.

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The search for the Higgs boson was one of the most relevant issues of the final years of LEP running at high energies. An excess of 3σ beyond the background expectation has been found, consistent with the production of the Higgs boson with a mass near 115 GeV/c2. At the upgraded TeVatron and at LHC the search for the Higgs boson will continue. At TeVatron Higgs bosons can be detected with masses up to 180 GeV with an assumed total integrated luminosity of 20 fb—1. LHC has the potential to discover the Higgs boson in many different decay channels for Higgs masses up to 1 TeV. It will be possible to measure Higgs boson parameters, such as mass, width, and couplings to fermions and bosons. The results from Higgs searches at LEP2 and the possibilities for searches at hadron colliders will be reviewed.

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W+W− production cross section and W branching fractions in e+e− collisions at 189 GeV

Cited by 34 publications

References 59 publications

A positive-weight next-to-leading order simulation of weak boson pair production

A positive-weight next-to-leading order simulation of weak boson pair production

Review of the Properties of the W Boson at Lep, and the Precision Determination of Its Mass

Search for Higgs Bosons at LEP2 and Hadron Colliders

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