W3C user agent accessibility guidelines 1.0 for graphical Web browsers

Gunderson, Jon

doi:10.1007/s10209-003-0078-2

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This result is not surprising, and similar findings have been reported by others. A study by Coyne and Nielsen [6], as cited in [15], reported that whereas users in a control group finished about 75% of web-related tasks, blind participants completed the tasks about 12.5% of the time. A formal investigation conducted in 2004 by the Disability Rights Commission revealed that 81% of 1,000 websites examined failed to satisfy the most basic Web Accessibility Initiative category [9].…”

Section: T4 Searching For Particular Information On the Internetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of available tools and evaluation of best suitable applications need to be continuously updated, such as comparison of web browsers with respect to implementing accessibility guidance [15]. The investigation of the Disability Rights Commission wants to increase disabled awareness of the options available, recommending that accessibility options need to be more visible, thus making it easier for disabled persons to discover, understand and select them [9].…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accessibility of audio and tactile interfaces for young blind people performing everyday tasks

Shimomura

Hvannberg

Hafsteinsson

2010

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Increasingly, computers are becoming tools of communication, information exploring and studying for young people, regardless of their abilities. Scientists have been building knowledge on how blind people can substitute hearing or touch for sight or how the combination of senses, i.e., multimodalities, can provide the user with an effective way of exploiting the power of computers. Evaluation of such multimodal user interfaces in the right context, i.e., appropriate users, tasks, tools and environment, is essential to give designers accurate feedback on blind users' needs. This paper presents a study on how young blind people use computers for everyday tasks with the aids of assistive technologies, aiming to understand what hindrances they encounter when interacting with a computer using individual senses, and what supports them. A common assistive technology is a screen reader, producing output to a speech synthesizer or a Braille display. Those two modes are often used together, but the research studied how visually impaired students interact with computers using either form, i.e., a speech synthesizer or a Braille display. A usability test has been performed to assess blind grade-school students' ability to carry out common tasks with the help of a computer, including solving mathematical problems, navigating the web, communicating with e-mail and using word processing. During the usability tests, students were allowed to use either auditory mode or tactile mode. Although blind users most commonly use a speech synthesizer (audio), the results indicate that this was not always the most suitable modality. While the effectiveness of the Braille display (tactile user interface) to accomplish certain tasks was similar to that of the audio user interface, the users' satisfaction rate was higher. The contribution of this work lies in answering two research questions by analysing two modes of interaction (tactile and speech), while carrying out tasks of varying genre, i.e., web searching, collaboration through e-mail, word processing and mathematics. A second contribution of this work is the classification of observations into four categories: usability and accessibility, software fault, cognitive mechanism and learning method. Observations, practical recommendations and open research problems are then presented and discussed. This provides a framework for similar studies in the future. A third contribution of this work is the elaboration of practical recommendations for user interface designers and a research agenda for scientists.

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Section: T4 Searching For Particular Information On the Internetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility of audio and tactile interfaces for young blind people performing everyday tasks

Shimomura

Hvannberg

Hafsteinsson

2010

Univ Access Inf Soc

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“…Web accessibility, in broad view, depends on several different components of Web development and interaction working together, including Web software (tools), Web developers (people) and content (e.g., type, size, complexity, etc.). The W3C 7 Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) recognises these difficulties and provides guidelines for each of these components [8,23,46,47]. There are also other organisations that have produced guidelines (e.g., IBM, RNIB, AFB, Adobe, etc.)…”

Section: Web Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Web accessibility guidelines

Harper

Chen

2011

World Wide Web

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The World Wide Web (Web) is in constant evolutionary change. This evolution occurs along many fronts and is led by infrastructure developers, Web designers, technologists, and users. These multiple stake-holders ensure that the Web is a heterogeneous entity, not just in the nature of the content, but in the technology and agents used to deliver and render that content. It is precisely this heterogeneity which gives the Web its strength and its weakness. A weakness in technology adoption leading to an increasing disconnect between the actual user experience and the expected experience of the technology stakeholders. We are interested in the human factors surrounding the evolution of the Web interface; and believe that the wait is always too long for new accessibility recommendations, guidelines, and technology to be adopted. In this case, we describe a ten-year longitudinal study comprising approximately 6,000 home pages. From this study we conclude that as a 'rule-of-thumb' mainstream technology is adopted at about 15% within the first three years, incremental version releases are adopted at about 10% within the first three years. However, sites which are most popular often exhibit enhanced adoption rates of between 10 and 15% over the same period. In addition, we see that accessibility guidelines are mostly ignored with only a 10% adoption rate after more than ten years. From this we infer that, for maximum accessibility adoption, guidelines might be supported and reflected in mainstream specifications instead of remaining only as a separate document.

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“…In order to meet the diversity of user needs, it is necessary to provide for user control over content delivery such that individuals are able to make adjustments to pages to tailor them to their owns needs [15]. The W3C User Agent Accessibility Guidelines address such control [21,31].…”

Section: Design Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalization of Web browsing: adaptations to meet the needs of older adults

Hanson

Crayne

2005

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Despite difficulties in using the Web, older adults are motivated to use it. This paper reports on work underway to ease Web access for this population. Although Web accessibility standards provide specifications that Web content providers must incorporate if their pages are to be accessible, these standards do not guarantee a good experience for all Web users. This paper will discuss user controls that make a number of dynamic adaptations to page presentation and input that can greatly increase the usability of Web pages for older users. The paper will discuss the authors' original work on the topic, lessons learned, and usage patterns. Current extensions to that work are also discussed.

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W3C user agent accessibility guidelines 1.0 for graphical Web browsers

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Accessibility of audio and tactile interfaces for young blind people performing everyday tasks

Accessibility of audio and tactile interfaces for young blind people performing everyday tasks

Web accessibility guidelines

Personalization of Web browsing: adaptations to meet the needs of older adults

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