Untitled

Abstract

Although we found associations between the risk of NHL and several groupings and specific organophosphate pesticides, larger risks from proxy respondents complicate interpretation. Associations, however, between reported use of diazinon and NHL, particularly diffuse and small lymphocytic lymphoma, among subjects providing direct interviews are not easily discounted.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Pesticide Exposure: 25 Years of Research

“…Studies which try to eliminate this problem by matching deceased controls for deceased cases [see, for example, ref. [18, 28, 32] are prone to a nondifferential misclassification, which also tends to bias the estimated risk towards the null hypothesis [28]. …”

“…Three large-scale case-control studies were conducted in the US by the National Cancer Institute, in Kansas [12], Nebraska [25], Iowa, and Minnesota [18]. Pooled analysis of data from these studies has enabled gathering more data on specific pesticides [26,27,28,29,30]. Similar studies were conducted in Europe [9,31,32,33] and Canada [15].…”

“…In agriculture, they are widely used on crops and livestock. Some OPs can cause cancer in laboratory animals [28]. Studies of OP use and NHL are summarized in table 3.…”

“…Results vary for OPs as much as they did for other classes of pesticides described so far. In most studies, the AF ranged from 11 to 33% [12, 25, 28, 42]. …”

Biomarkers of Carcinogenesis in Relation to Pesticide Poisoning

“…Epidemiological studies, although sometimes contradictory, have linked long-term exposure to organophosphate (OP) insecticides to the development of different cancers such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (De Roos et al, 2003;Waddell et al, 2001) and different leukemias (Brown et al, 1990). However, the major limitation of these studies is that they are mostly based on questionnaires, without measurements of actual exposure doses.…”