Wage Opportunities for Visible Minorities in Canada

Hum, Derek; Simpson, Wayne

doi:10.2307/3551526

Cited by 87 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For the younger arrival group, there is no evidence that compensation for experience, schooling or years since migration is significantly different for white and minority immigrant men. This finding is not only consistent with the finding, based on the same data source, reported in Li (2001), it is also consistent with the finding, based on detailed information on the amount of foreign and Canadian experience and schooling, reported in Hum and Simpson (1999).…”

Section: Decomposition Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Pendakur and Pendakur (1998) find that employers indeed differentiate between foreign and Canadian schooling, but such differentiation appears very erratic and does not necessarily focus on visible minorities. 7 However, Hum and Simpson (1999), using data that enables them to distinguish between work experience and schooling acquired in Canada and the home country, find that while education matters regardless of its source, work experience has a positive effect on earnings only if it is obtained in Canada.…”

Section: Data and Model Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baker and Benjamin (1997) (specification 3) estimate earnings deficits of 19.4 and 15.7 percent, respectively, for immigrant and nativeborn men, Pendakur andPendakur (1998), 22.2 and17.4 percent, respectively, andHum andSimpson (1999), 21.3 and 24.1 percent, respectively. It thus appears that there has been little change between 1991-96 in the relative returns Black men receive for their productivity-related characteristics.…”

Section: Analysis Of Individual Ethnic Minority Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies, for example, Christofides and Swidinsky (1994) and Hum and Simpson (1999), use the conventional Heckman (1979) procedure to correct for sample selection bias. However, as Blau and Beller (1992: 276) note, this procedure has been increasingly criticized for its "lack of robustness."…”

Section: Data and Model Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the very least, although there is considerable heterogeneity among minority ethnic groups, some of these groups must contend with significant negative earnings effects relative to their white counterparts. Hum and Simpson (1999) sound an even stronger caution against treating visible minorities as a homogeneous group for public policy purposes. They find, using data from the first wave of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics and selectivity-corrected log-earnings function estimation procedures, that there are significant wage disadvantages for visible minority foreign-born men relative to white foreign-born men.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relative Earnings of Visible Minorities in Canada

Swidinsky

2003

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Summary This article presents new evidence on the relative earnings of visible minority immigrant and native-born paid workers in Canada using data from the 1996 Census. Our findings show that labour market disadvantages associated with visible minority status are largely confined to immigrant men. The earnings deficits imputed to minority native-born men and immigrant women are fairly modest, and it appears that native-born women are paid a premium. Among immigrant men, labour market disadvantages are apparent primarily among those who were older when they arrived in Canada. There is some evidence that foreign work experience is relatively undervalued, but there is little evidence that immigrants receive lower compensation for foreign-based schooling. Finally, our analysis of individual ethnic minority groups reveals that Black men are most profoundly affected by labour market discrimination: The earnings deficit they must contend with is both significant and inter-generationally persistent.

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Section: Decomposition Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Data and Model Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Individual Ethnic Minority Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Model Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relative Earnings of Visible Minorities in Canada

Swidinsky

2003

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Global Mobility and Bias in the Workplace

Podsiadlowski

Ward

2010

International and Cultural Psychology

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Reinterpreting the performance of immigrant wages from panel data

Hum

Simpson

2004

Empirical Economics

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Immigrants differ from the native born in terms of unobserved factors, such as motivation, and observed factors, including those related to the interruption of labour market activity and earning capacity, which may bias estimates of immigrant integration. Using panel data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, we show that using potential experience, rather than actual experience, exaggerates estimates of the disruption and recovery caused by immigration. More importantly, we find support for omitted variables bias, arising from unobserved fixed effects. Instrumental variable estimates for both pooled and separate samples of immigrant and native born men demonstrate a wage disadvantage for immigrants upon entry that persists through their lifetime. Standard estimates of a modest wage advantage for the children of immigrants also suffer from omitted variables bias arising from unobservables. Contrary to most of the literature to date, our instrumental variable estimates which allow for unobservable fixed effects suggest that immigrants never catch up to otherwise comparable native born workers, but their children do just as well. Copyright Springer-Verlag 2004Immigration, wages, panel data, J40, C23, F22,

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Wage Opportunities for Visible Minorities in Canada

Cited by 87 publications

References 11 publications

The Relative Earnings of Visible Minorities in Canada

The Relative Earnings of Visible Minorities in Canada

Global Mobility and Bias in the Workplace

Reinterpreting the performance of immigrant wages from panel data

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