Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance—an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses

Grgić, Jozo; Grgic, Ivana; Pickering, Craig; Schöenfeld, Brad J.; Bishop, David J.; Pedišić, Željko

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100278

Cited by 252 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Caffeine is one of the most consumed psychoactive stimulants in the world [1]. The effects of caffeine supplementation on exercise performance have received considerable attention in the literature, and the evidence on its ergogenic effects is well-established [1][2][3]. For example, a recent umbrella review of 21 published metaanalyses reported that caffeine ingestion is acutely ergogenic for aerobic endurance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, power, jumping performance, and exercise speed [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of caffeine supplementation on exercise performance have received considerable attention in the literature, and the evidence on its ergogenic effects is well-established [1][2][3]. For example, a recent umbrella review of 21 published metaanalyses reported that caffeine ingestion is acutely ergogenic for aerobic endurance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, power, jumping performance, and exercise speed [3]. Despite these established performanceenhancing effects of caffeine, it is also commonly acknowledged that there is a large degree of variation in response to caffeine supplementation between individuals [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

Grgić

Pickering

Bishop

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background: It has been suggested that polymorphisms within CYP1A2 impact inter-individual variation in the response to caffeine. The purpose of this study was to explore the acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance in a sample of resistance-trained men, and to examine the influence of genetic variation of CYP1A2 (rs762551) on the individual variation in responses to caffeine ingestion.Methods: Twenty-two men were included as participants (AA homozygotes n = 13; C-allele carriers n = 9) and were tested after the ingestion of caffeine (3 mg/kg of body mass) and a placebo. Exercise performance was assessed with the following outcomes: (a) movement velocity and power output in the bench press exercise with loads of 25, 50, 75, and 90% of one-repetition maximum (1RM); (b) quality and quantity of performed repetitions in the bench press exercise performed to muscular failure with 85% 1RM; (c) vertical jump height in a countermovement jump test; and (d) power output in a Wingate test.Results: Compared to placebo, caffeine ingestion enhanced: (a) movement velocity and power output across all loads (effect size [ES]: 0.20-0.61; p < 0.05 for all); (b) the quality and quantity of performed repetitions with 85% of 1RM (ES: 0.27-0.85; p < 0.001 for all); (c) vertical jump height (ES: 0.15; p = 0.017); and (d) power output in the Wingate test (ES: 0.33-0.44; p < 0.05 for all). We did not find a significant genotype × caffeine interaction effect (pvalues ranged from 0.094 to 0.994) in any of the analyzed performance outcomes.Conclusions: Resistance-trained men may experience acute improvements in resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance following the ingestion of caffeine. The comparisons of the effects of caffeine on exercise performance between individuals with the AA genotype and AC/CC genotypes found no significant differences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

Grgić

Pickering

Bishop

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…Caffeine is one of the most consumed substances in the world [1]. The effects of caffeine on exercise performance have received substantial attention in the literature [1][2][3]. Given its potential as an ergogenic aid, caffeine is also often consumed by athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Measures of Rowing Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies examining the acute effects of caffeine ingestion on measures of rowing performance. Crossover and placebo-controlled experiments that investigated the effects of caffeine ingestion on measures of rowing performance were included. The PEDro checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Seven studies of good and excellent methodological quality were included. None of the included studies examined on-water rowing. The majority of studies that were included in the meta-analysis used a 2000m rowing distance with only one using 1000m distance. Results of the main meta-analysis indicated that caffeine enhances performance on a rowing ergometer compared to placebo with a mean difference of −4.1 s (95% confidence interval (CI): −6.4, −1.8 s). These values remained consistent in the analysis in which the study that used a 1000m distance was excluded (mean difference: −4.3 s; 95% CI: −6.9, −1.8 s). We also found a significant increase in mean power (mean difference: 5.7 W; 95% CI: 2.1, 9.3 W) and minute ventilation (mean difference: 3.4 L/min; 95% CI: 1.7, 5.1 L/min) following caffeine ingestion. No significant differences between caffeine and placebo were found for the rating of perceived exertion, oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio, and heart rate. This meta-analysis found that acute caffeine ingestion improves 2000m rowing ergometer performance by~4 s. Our results support the use of caffeine pre-exercise as an ergogenic aid for rowing performance.

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“…Caffeine is the most widely consumed drug worldwide. Several studies and a number of reviews have documented the ergogenic effects of caffeine for aerobic endurance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, anaerobic power, jumping and short‐term high‐intensity exercise performance (Burke, 2008; Davis & Green, 2009; Ganio, Klau, Casa, Amstrong, & Maresh, 2009; Graham, 2001; Grgic et al., 2019; Southward, Rutherfurd‐Markwick, & Ali, 2018). The current leading hypothesis for its mechanism of action is the enhancement of neural drive attributable to the reversal of inhibitory effects of adenosine, by blocking its receptors in the central nervous system (CNS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of caffeine on neuromuscular function in a non‐fatigued state and during fatiguing exercise

Mesquita

Cronin

Kyröläinen

et al. 2020

Experimental Physiology

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Caffeine enhances exercise performance, but its mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study, we investigated its effects on neuromuscular function in a non-fatigued state and during fatiguing exercise. Eighteen men participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Baseline measures included plantarflexion force, drop jump, squat jump, voluntary activation of triceps surae muscle, soleus muscle contractile properties, M-wave, -motoneuron excitability (H-reflex), corticospinal excitability, short-interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, silent period evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (SP) and plasma potassium and caffeine concentrations. Immediately after baseline testing, participants ingested caffeine (6 mg⋅kg −1 ) or placebo. After a 1-h rest, baseline measures were repeated, followed by a fatiguing stretch-shortening cycle exercise (sets of 40 bilateral rebound jumps on a sledge apparatus) until task failure. Neuromuscular testing was carried out throughout the fatigue protocol and afterwards. Caffeine enhanced drop jump height (by 4.2%) and decreased the SP (by 12.6%) in a non-fatigued state. A caffeine-related decrease in SP and short-interval intracortical inhibition before the fatiguing activity was associated with an increased time to task failure. The participants who benefitted from an improved performance on the caffeine day reported a significantly lower sense of effort during exercise and had an accelerated postexercise recovery of M-wave amplitude. Caffeine modulates inhibitory mechanisms of the CNS, recovery of M-wave amplitude and perception of effort. This study lays the groundwork for future examinations of differences in caffeine-induced neuromuscular changes between those who are deemed to benefit from caffeine ingestion and those who are not.

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Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance—an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses

Cited by 252 publications

References 64 publications

CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

The Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Measures of Rowing Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effects of caffeine on neuromuscular function in a non‐fatigued state and during fatiguing exercise

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