Walking Patterns in Healthy Old Men

Murray, M P; Kory, Ross C.; Clarkson, B H

doi:10.1093/geronj/24.2.169

Cited by 516 publications

(266 citation statements)

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“…Gait speed was slow for both groups (0.45-0.46m/s) compared with reported values for the healthy elderly (1.2-1.5 m/s). 39,40 Intervention Effects Muscle strength-Although both groups showed increases in strength after the intervention, there was a trend for the experimental group to show greater strength improvements than the control group (P = .06) ( Table 3). In the experimental group, average torque changes of individual muscle groups for the paretic limb ranged from a low of 7% for the hip extensors to a high of 155% for the ankle dorsi-flexors, whereas in the control group, strength changes were in the range of 1% for the hip extensors to 58% for the ankle plantarflexors.…”

Section: Baseline Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of isokinetic strength training on walking in persons with stroke: A double-blind controlled pilot study

Kim

Eng

MacIntyre

et al. 2001

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

127

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Objectives-The goal most often stated by persons with stroke is improved walking function. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of isokinetic strength training on walking performance, muscle strength, and health-related quality of life in survivors of chronic stroke.Methods-Twenty participants (age, 61.2 ± 8.4 years) with chronic stroke were randomized into 2 groups. The experimental group undertook maximal concentric isokinetic strength training, whereas the control group received passive range of motion of the paretic lower extremity 3 times a week for 6 weeks. The Kin-Com Isokinetic Dynamometer (Chattanooga Group Inc., TN) was used for both the strengthening and passive range of motion exercises. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the changes in scores (postintervention minus baseline) between the control and experimental groups for a composite lower extremity strength score, walking speed (levelwalking and stair-walking) and health-related quality of life measure (36-Item Short Form Health Survey ).Results-Both the experimental and control groups increased their strength and walking speed postintervention; however, there were no differences in the changes in walking speed between the groups. There was a trend (P = .06) toward greater strength improvement in the experimental group compared with the control group. No changes in SF-36 scores were found in either group.Conclusions-Intervention aimed at increasing strength did not result in improvements in walking. The results of this study stress the importance of controlled clinical trials in determining the effect of specific treatment approaches. Strength training in conjunction with other task-related training may be indicated.

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Section: Baseline Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of isokinetic strength training on walking in persons with stroke: A double-blind controlled pilot study

Kim

Eng

MacIntyre

et al. 2001

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

127

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“…Slower walking velocities among OA due to shortened stride lengths and decreased stride velocity have also been documented by Judge and colleagues (1996). In addition, it is also reported that OA spend more time in the DLS phase of gait than YA (Judge et al, 1996;Winter, 1991;Murray, Kory, & Clarkson, 1969;Winter, Pada, Frank, & Walt, 1990;Winter et al, 1990). The DLS phase is thought to be the more stable of die two gait phases since there are two feet in contact with the walking surface.…”

Section: Age Related Changes In the Kinematics Of Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Speculation from these findings follows that OA are adopting a slower and potentially more conservative walking strategy than YA (fudge et al, 1996;Winter, 1991;Murray et al, 1969).…”

Section: Age Related Changes In the Kinematics Of Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstacle negotiation kinematics: age-dependent effects of postural threat

McKenzie

Brown

2004

Gait & Posture

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DEDICATIONI dedicate this thesis to my Poppa, John Joseph Lacey. You have taught me the meaning of dignity.iii ABSTRACTThe effects of postural threat and the potential consequences of obstacle contact on the obstacle negotiation kinematics among younger and older adults were examined. Seventeen older (OA; 7 males, 10 females; mean age, 68.94 ± 4.85) and fifteen younger adults (YA; 5 males, 10 females; mean age, 22.53 ± 2.77) negotiated virtual and real obstacles while walking at a self-determined velocity along a 7.2m walkway under 4 different conditions of postural threat. Postural threat was manipulated by varying the width (0.60m versus 0.15m) and height (floor versus elevated (0.00m versus 0.60m)) of the walkway. Postural threat altered crossing kinematics for all subjects. Specifically, age-related differences emerged with increasing postural threat, however die changes observed among older adults were considerably different from those of younger adults. Additionally, there was an effect for the potential consequences of obstacle contact, however, no age-related differences emerged. These results revealed an effect for postural threat and obstacle characteristics on the negotiation strategies of younger and older adults. Both postural threat and obstacle characteristics elicit conservative crossing kinematics in younger and older adults. Specifically, these findings illustrate age-dependent differences in obstacle negotiation strategies and that postural threat affects older adults differently than younger adults whereas the potential consequences of obstacle contact affects younger and older adults equally. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe did it! This thesis would not have been possible without die support of my family and friends. I would like to show my appreciation to everyone who encouraged and stood by me during the creation of this thesis.

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“…slippery ice) or perceived conditions of balance-control diYculty and is often interpreted as an attempt to reduce the balance-control challenge during walking. "Cautious gait" has been observed in healthy older men (Murray et al 1969), older people with fear of falling (Aizen 2001) and older people with neurological disorders, including vascular dementia, normal-pressure hydrocephalus, Alzheimer's dementia and peripheral neuropathy (Elble et al 1991). According to Elble et al (1992) most of the kinematic changes that are associated with "senile gait" (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The step length–frequency relationship in physically active community-dwelling older women

Zijlstra

Bruin²,

Bruins

et al. 2008

Eur J Appl Physiol

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This study evaluated the step length-frequency relationship in physically active community-dwelling older women in order to investigate whether the relationship between these two spatio-temporal gait parameters changes with increasing age. Forty older women in four age groups, i.e. 64-69, 70-74, 75-79 and 80-85 year olds, participated in the study. Subjects walked at Wve diVerent self-selected speeds and while simultaneously performing an additional cognitive and/or upper-extremity motor task. Gait parameters were determined from forward accelerations measured by a tri-axial accelerometer on the lower back. All subjects demonstrated a strong linear relationship between step length and step frequency for walking at diVerent speeds. No evidence for a change in the step length-frequency relationship with age was found, suggesting that there are no diVerences between physically active older women of diVerent age groups regarding the adoption of a "cautious gait", i.e. a gait pattern characterized by a reduced step length.

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Walking Patterns in Healthy Old Men

Cited by 516 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of isokinetic strength training on walking in persons with stroke: A double-blind controlled pilot study

Effects of isokinetic strength training on walking in persons with stroke: A double-blind controlled pilot study

Obstacle negotiation kinematics: age-dependent effects of postural threat

The step length–frequency relationship in physically active community-dwelling older women

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