Walking the ‘design–build–test–learn’ cycle: flux analysis and genetic engineering reveal the pliability of plant central metabolism

Schwender, Jörg

doi:10.1111/nph.18967

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, the role of malic enzyme and isocitrate dehydrogenase in fatty acid production in oilseeds (reviewed in Allen et al ., 2015) indicated unexpected flux patterns that could contribute to biotechnologically relevant phenotypes. Some of these ideas were recently validated by a genetic study with altered subcellular levels of malic enzyme (Morley et al ., 2023; Schwender, 2023). Studies surveying the impact of abiotic stress, including altered light intensity (Ma et al ., 2014; Medeiros et al ., 2022; Treves et al ., 2022), temperature (Sharkey et al ., 2020), or nutrient status (Allen & Young, 2013; Masakapalli et al ., 2013, 2014; Zhang et al ., 2018), and descriptions of unanticipated storage reserve remobilization in engineered plants (Chu et al ., 2022) hold potential significance for crop production given expected shifts in climate and agricultural conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopically nonstationary metabolic flux analysis of plants: recent progress and future opportunities

Koley,

Jyoti,

Lingwan

et al. 2024

New Phytologist

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SummaryMetabolic flux analysis (MFA) is a valuable tool for quantifying cellular phenotypes and to guide plant metabolic engineering. By introducing stable isotopic tracers and employing mathematical models, MFA can quantify the rates of metabolic reactions through biochemical pathways. Recent applications of isotopically nonstationary MFA (INST‐MFA) to plants have elucidated nonintuitive metabolism in leaves under optimal and stress conditions, described coupled fluxes for fast‐growing algae, and produced a synergistic multi‐organ flux map that is a first in MFA for any biological system. These insights could not be elucidated through other approaches and show the potential of INST‐MFA to correct an oversimplified understanding of plant metabolism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopically nonstationary metabolic flux analysis of plants: recent progress and future opportunities

Koley,

Jyoti,

Lingwan

et al. 2024

New Phytologist

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Metabolic flux analysis to increase oil in seeds

Mukherjee,

Kambhampati,

Morley

et al. 2024

Plant Physiology

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Ensuring an adequate food supply and enough energy to sustainably support future global populations will require enhanced productivity from plants. Oilseeds can help address these needs; but the fatty acid composition of seed oils is not always optimal, and higher yields are required to meet growing demands. Quantitative approaches including metabolic flux analysis can provide insights on unexpected metabolism (i.e., when metabolism is different than in a textbook) and can be used to guide engineering efforts; however, as metabolism is context-specific, it changes with tissue type, local environment, and development. This review describes recent insights from metabolic flux analysis in oilseeds and indicates engineering opportunities based on emerging topics and developing technologies that will aid quantitative understanding of metabolism and enable efforts to produce more oil. We also suggest that investigating the key regulators of fatty acid biosynthesis, such as transcription factors, and exploring metabolic signals like phytohormones in greater depth through flux analysis, could open new pathways for advancing genetic engineering and breeding strategies to enhance oil crop production.

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Soybean Oil and Protein: Biosynthesis, Regulation and Strategies for Genetic Improvement

Li,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Plant Cell & Environment

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Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) is one of the world's most important sources of oil and vegetable protein. Much of the energy required for germination and early growth of soybean seeds is stored in fatty acids, mainly as triacylglycerols (TAGs), and the main seed storage proteins are β‐conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S). Recent research advances have deepened our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways and transcriptional regulatory networks that control fatty acid and protein synthesis in organelles such as the plastid, ribosome and endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we review the composition and biosynthetic pathways of soybean oils and proteins, summarizing the key enzymes and transcription factors that have recently been shown to regulate oil and protein synthesis/metabolism. We then discuss the newest genomic strategies for manipulating these genes to increase the food value of soybeans, highlighting important priorities for future research and genetic improvement of this staple crop.

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Walking the ‘design–build–test–learn’ cycle: flux analysis and genetic engineering reveal the pliability of plant central metabolism

Abstract: This article is a Commentary on Morley et al. (2023), 239: 1834–1851.

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Isotopically nonstationary metabolic flux analysis of plants: recent progress and future opportunities

Isotopically nonstationary metabolic flux analysis of plants: recent progress and future opportunities

Metabolic flux analysis to increase oil in seeds

Soybean Oil and Protein: Biosynthesis, Regulation and Strategies for Genetic Improvement

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