Walnut husk fly substantially affects sensory attributes and phenolic contents of the kernels in common walnut

Solar, A.; Jakopič, Jerneja; Miklavc, J.; Štampar, Franci; Veberič, Robert; Trdan, S.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.11.078

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…or can be used for walnut oil production for economic choices. In recent years, quality attributes of dark walnuts from different varieties have been compared with those of light ones and significant differences in important chemical and sensory properties have been reported 7,15,16 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Oil Quality of Light and Dark Walnuts under Different Storage Conditions

Yıldız

Karaca

2021

J. Oleo Sci.

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Oil Quality of Light and Dark Walnuts under Different Storage Conditions

Yıldız

Karaca

2021

J. Oleo Sci.

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“…The species expanded its range to California around 1926 (Boyce 1933, Berlocher 1984, Chen et al 2006), was introduced to Switzerland in the late 1980s (Merz 1991) and has since invaded most of western Europe (Verheggen et al 2017, Augustinos et al 2019). The walnut husk fly is currently one of the most important pests of walnuts in California and Western Europe (Yee and Goughnour 2008, Solar et al 2019), which together produce 30% of the commercial walnuts worldwide (Shah et al 2018). Infestation can reach up to 95% of fruit in unsprayed orchards (Kasana and AliNiazee 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Infestation can reach up to 95% of fruit in unsprayed orchards (Kasana and AliNiazee 1996). Economic losses are the result of nut staining, increased percentage of adhering hull, and % shrivel, and reductions in edible yield and relative value (Coates 2005, Solar et al 2019). Synthetic pesticide use restrictions have fostered the development of environmentally sound management tactics (Sarles et al 2015, 2017, 2018) which could include biological control.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effect of Winter Length on Duration of Dormancy and Survival of Rhagoletis completa (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Associated Parasitoids From Northeastern Mexico

Rull

Lasa

Guillén

et al. 2019

Journal of Insect Science

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The walnut husk fly Rhagoletis completa (Cresson), native to the Midwestern United States and Mexico, is invasive in California and Europe. It is one of the most important pests of walnuts in areas gathering 30% of the world production. Knowledge of life-history regulation is important for the design of management strategies. Research on dormancy has been performed on invasive populations, and not on populations at the southern extreme of its native range. Here, we examined the effect of winter length on fly and parasitoid emergence, survival, and duration of dormancy. Percent emergence was higher for chill periods at 5°C ranging from 8 to 20 wk. No or insufficient chill resulted in low emergence and a significant proportion of individuals in prolonged dormancy (>1 yr). Duration of dormancy was longer for pupae at constant temperatures and a 4-wk chill period than longer winter durations. Dormancy was longer for Mexican than that reported for U.S. populations, suggesting the existence of a latitudinal cline where populations at southern latitudes have evolved slower metabolic rates. Three parasitoid species were found associated with R. completa ( Aganaspis alujai (Wharton and Ovruski) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), Diachasmimorpha juglandis Muesebeck, and Diachasmimorpha mellea Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Results suggest that rearing of R. completa is possible by subjecting pupae to chill periods between 8 and 20 wk. Overwintering mortality of flies and A. alujai could be further reduced above 5°C. Our findings can contribute for the accurate development of predictive models on invasion potential, development, fly and parasitoid rearing, and biological control.

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“…The HPLC analysis was performed on an Agilent In nity Lab HPLC System with a thermostat con gured at 25°C. The mobile phase was ultrapure water, with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid (eluent A) and 0.1% (v/v) formic acid acetonitrile (eluent B) [53]. All samples received an injection volume of 5 µL.…”

Section: Chemical Extraction and Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocatechuic Acid, Ferulic Acid and Relevant Defense Enzymes Correlate Closely with Walnut Resistance to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Juglandis

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Juglans regia L. is an important nut tree that has a wide range of distribution in temperate regions of the world. In some walnut orchards, walnut blight can become a problematic disease that affects the growth of walnut trees. To explore the correlation between biochemical response and walnuts resistance, we inoculated four walnut cultivars with Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Juglandis (abv. Xaj). The walnut cultivars were, namely, ‘Xiangling’, ‘Xiluo 2’, ‘Yuanfeng’ and ‘Xifu 2’. Total phenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured, whereby nine major phenolic compounds and several relevant enzymes were identified. Results: The results showed that the most resistant and susceptible walnut varieties were ‘Xiluo 2’ and ‘Xifu 2’ respectively. The reaction of walnut to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Juglandis was characterized by the early accumulation of phenolic compounds in the infected site. The accumulation of phenolic compounds after infection was accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This was reflected in the catalytic effect of peroxidase (POD) on ferulic acid dimerization which contributed to walnut resistance against disease. This also meant a series of defense-related functions with a key role of polyphenol oxidase (PPO). The results revealed that the competitiveness of flavonoids were weakened in biosynthesis, thereby strengthening the synthesis of chemicals catalyzed by phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) against walnut blight. The resistant variety ‘Xiluo 2’ had a significantly higher protocatechuic acid content, compared to other varieties, when measured on the 4th day after inoculation (dpi). Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that walnut blight resistance is a collective function of interactions between the accumulation of phenolic compounds in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway and the action of relevant defense enzymes.

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Walnut husk fly substantially affects sensory attributes and phenolic contents of the kernels in common walnut

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Comparison of the Oil Quality of Light and Dark Walnuts under Different Storage Conditions

Comparison of the Oil Quality of Light and Dark Walnuts under Different Storage Conditions

The Effect of Winter Length on Duration of Dormancy and Survival of Rhagoletis completa (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Associated Parasitoids From Northeastern Mexico

Protocatechuic Acid, Ferulic Acid and Relevant Defense Enzymes Correlate Closely with Walnut Resistance to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Juglandis

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