Waning Immunity Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Reicherz, Frederic; Xu, Rui Yang; Abu-Raya, Bahaa; Majdoubi, Abdelilah; Michalski, Christina; Golding, Liam; Stojic, Aleksandra; Vineta, Marina; Granoski, Madison; Cieslak, Zenon; Chacko, Anil; Desai, Neil B.; Sekirov, Inna; Marchant, David; Lavoie, Pascal

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiac192

Cited by 89 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Susceptible children might be exposed for the first time at older ages (figure). Decreased maternal exposures and immunity to usual endemic viruses, 15 leading to a lack of transferred transplacental antibodies, might also leave young infants more vulnerable to viral infections. Age-related differences in disease presentations are likely to vary by pathogen.…”

Section: Preparing For Uncertainty: Endemic Paediatric Viral Illnesse...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparing for uncertainty: endemic paediatric viral illnesses after COVID-19 pandemic disruption

Messacar¹,

Baker²,

Park³

et al. 2022

The Lancet

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Section: Preparing For Uncertainty: Endemic Paediatric Viral Illnesse...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparing for uncertainty: endemic paediatric viral illnesses after COVID-19 pandemic disruption

Messacar¹,

Baker²,

Park³

et al. 2022

The Lancet

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“…13,15,16 In this study, the changes in the positive rates and the seasonal patterns of HIFV, HRSV, and In addition, the changes in the positive rates and the seasonal patterns of respiratory viruses, which were caused by the implementation of NPIs, were likely to lead to a decline in herd immunity against them. Reicherz et al 39 have found that HRSV antibody levels and neutralization were reduced in women and infants 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic compared to earlier in the pandemic. With the relaxation of NPIs and waned immunity in young children may lead to the resurgence of respiratory virus infection, and even lead to larger or more severe outbreaks, especially in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human influenza virus versus human respiratory syncytial virus versus human metapneumovirus infection in nine provinces of China during 2009−2021

Cui

Xie

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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A comparative analysis of confirmed cases of human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) was conducted to describe their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. During 2009−2021, active surveillance of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) was performed in nine provinces of China. Clinical and epidemiological information and laboratory testing results of HIFV, HRSV, and HMPV were analyzed. Among 11591 ARI patients, the single-infection rates of HIFV, HRSV, and HMPV were 15.00%, 9.59%, and 2.24%, respectively; the coinfection rate of these three viruses was 0.64%. HIFV infection was mainly in adults aged 15−59 years, accounting for 39.10%. HRSV and HMPV infections were mainly in children under 5 years old, accounting for 87.13% and 83.46%, respectively. Patients with HRSV infection were younger than HMPV.HRSV and HMPV had high similarities in clinical manifestations, presenting with lower respiratory symptoms. HIFV mainly presented with an upper respiratory infection. The epidemic peak of HRSV was earlier than that of HIFV, and that of HMPV was later than those of HRSV and HFIV. A total of 85.14% of coinfection

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“…Infants are protected through transplacentally derived maternal antibody in the first several weeks of life. Low levels of RSV circulation will lead to waning population RSV antibody titres, and subsequently lead to lower levels of maternal antibody being transferred to infants during gestation 103 . This has the potential to result in a birth cohort with low levels of maternally derived antibody to experience their first RSV season, at a time when RSV circulation is much higher than in prior years.…”

Section: Health Care Burden Of Non-sars-cov-2 Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community respiratory virus activity

2022

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The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused substantial global morbidity and deaths, leading governments to turn to non-pharmaceutical interventions to slow down the spread of infection and lessen the burden on health care systems. These policies have evolved over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, including after the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, with regional and country-level differences in their ongoing use. The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with changes in respiratory virus infections worldwide, which have differed between virus types. Reductions in respiratory virus infections, including by influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, were most notable at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and continued in varying degrees through subsequent waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The decreases in community infection burden have resulted in reduced hospitalizations and deaths associated with non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections. Respiratory virus evolution relies on the maintaining of a diverse genetic pool, but evidence of genetic bottlenecking brought on by case reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in reduced genetic diversity of some respiratory viruses, including influenza virus. By describing the differences in these changes between viral species across different geographies over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, we may better understand the complex factors involved in community co-circulation of respiratory viruses.

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Waning Immunity Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Cited by 89 publications

References 12 publications

Preparing for uncertainty: endemic paediatric viral illnesses after COVID-19 pandemic disruption

Preparing for uncertainty: endemic paediatric viral illnesses after COVID-19 pandemic disruption

Comparative analysis of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human influenza virus versus human respiratory syncytial virus versus human metapneumovirus infection in nine provinces of China during 2009−2021

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community respiratory virus activity

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