Warm-Temperate Deciduous Forests around the Northern Hemisphere

Box, Elgene O.; Fujiwara, Kazue

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01261-2

Cited by 25 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(246 reference statements)

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“…Relatively, evergreenness is much more widespread in SH than in NH non-tropical areas, or if we wish to express it in an opposite way, winter deciduous woodlands are much rarer in extratropical SH (modest representation in Southern Chile and Tierra del Fuego by seven Nothofagus species (N. alessandri, N. alpina, N. anctarctica, N. glauca, N. macrocarpa, N. obliqua and N. pumilio), and in Tasmania by a single species (N. gunni). This point has been highlighted by several authors (Diels, 1918;Troll, 1948;Schimper & von Faber, 1935;Larcher, 1973;Axelrod et al, 1991;Box, 2002;Box & Fujiwara, 2015) and has been related to the lower continentality of the SH, i.e. the lower difference between the summer and winter temperatures.…”

Section: Deciduousness the Question Of The Southern Hemispherementioning

confidence: 77%

The Temperate Deciduous Forests of the Northern Hemisphere. A review

Arregui

Marcenò

2022

Mediterr. botany

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Temperate Deciduous Forests occur almost exclusively in the northern hemisphere and thrive under temperate climate with cold winter and warm-humid summer. They covered a continuous belt during most of the Tertiary across the continent Laurasia occupying a large area in higher latitudes. With the cooling of the Earth’s climate and the appearance of the subtropical aridity areas, in combination with the separation of North America from Eurasia, this continuous area split into the three mainly existing now: Eastern North America, Western Eurasia and Eastern Asia. The tree flora reveals the common origin of the three current areas and the events causing more or less severe extinctions during the cold periods of the Pleistocene, in combination with the mountain uplift did happen since the Miocene affected differently to them. The basic features of the deciduous trait and its likely origin are discussed, as well as the ecologic implications of such a trait. For further research, the current possibilities provided by available vegetation datasets (EVA, sPlot) opens the possibility of using a large mass of vegetation plots data involving most of the vascular flora of these forests in order to find out insights about their origin and evolution over time as well as their links with current or past environmental conditions.

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Section: Deciduousness the Question Of The Southern Hemispherementioning

confidence: 77%

The Temperate Deciduous Forests of the Northern Hemisphere. A review

Arregui

Marcenò

2022

Mediterr. botany

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“…NE plants can survive in colder environments due to their relatively high cavitation resistance and nutrient use efficiency ( Bond, 1989 ; Brodribb et al., 2012 ). BE plants and NE plants generally have the longer leaf life span, and they can survive and maintain photosynthesis during a long period of soil water deficit ( Box and Fujiwara, 2015 ). BD plants are more competitive than NE plants and BE plants under the conditions of adequate moisture due to higher photosynthetic capacity and hydraulic conductivity, which placed them toward the ‘acquisitive’ part of the leaf economic spectrum ( Wright et al., 2004 ; Berendse and Scheffer, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf traits divergence and correlations of woody plants among the three plant functional types on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

et al. 2023

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Leaf traits are important indicators of plant life history and may vary according to plant functional type (PFT) and environmental conditions. In this study, we sampled woody plants from three PFTs (e.g., needle-leaved evergreens, NE; broad-leaved evergreens, BE; broad-leaved deciduous, BD) on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and 110 species were collected across 50 sites. Here, the divergence and correlations of leaf traits in three PFTs and relationships between leaf traits and environment were studied. The results showed significant differences in leaf traits among three PFTs, with NE plants showed higher values than BE plants and BD plants for leaf thickness (LT), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf dry mass per area (LMA), carbon: nitrogen ratio (C/N), and nitrogen content per unit area (Narea), except for nitrogen content per unit mass (Nmass). Although the correlations between leaf traits were similar across three PFTs, NE plants differed from BE plants and BD plants in the relationship between C/N and Narea. Compared with the mean annual precipitation (MAP), the mean annual temperature (MAT) was the main environmental factor that caused the difference in leaf traits among three PFTs. NE plants had a more conservative approach to survival compared to BE plants and BD plants. This study shed light on the regional-scale variation in leaf traits and the relationships among leaf traits, PFT, and environment. These findings have important implications for the development of regional-scale dynamic vegetation models and for understanding how plants respond and adapt to environmental change.

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Geographical and climatic gradients of evergreen versus deciduous broad‐leaved tree species in subtropical China: Implications for the definition of the mixed forest

Xie

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Understanding climatic influences on the proportion of evergreen versus deciduous broad‐leaved tree species in forests is of crucial importance when predicting the impact of climate change on broad‐leaved forests. Here, we quantified the geographical distribution of evergreen versus deciduous broad‐leaved tree species in subtropical China. The Relative Importance Value index (RIV) was used to examine regional patterns in tree species dominance and was related to three key climatic variables: mean annual temperature (MAT), minimum temperature of the coldest month (MinT), and mean annual precipitation (MAP). We found the RIV of evergreen species to decrease with latitude at a lapse rate of 10% per degree between 23.5 and 25°N, 1% per degree at 25–29.1°N, and 15% per degree at 29.1–34°N. The RIV of evergreen species increased with: MinT at a lapse rate of 10% per °C between −4.5 and 2.5°C and 2% per °C at 2.5–10.5°C; MAP at a lapse rate of 10% per 100 mm between 900 and 1,600 mm and 4% per 100 mm between 1,600 and 2,250 mm. All selected climatic variables cumulatively explained 71% of the geographical variation in dominance of evergreen and deciduous broad‐leaved tree species and the climatic variables, ranked in order of decreasing effects were as follows: MinT > MAP > MAT. We further proposed that the latitudinal limit of evergreen and deciduous broad‐leaved mixed forests was 29.1–32°N, corresponding with MAT of 11–18.1°C, MinT of −2.5 to 2.51°C, and MAP of 1,000–1,630 mm. This study is the first quantitative assessment of climatic correlates with the evergreenness and deciduousness of broad‐leaved forests in subtropical China and underscores that extreme cold temperature is the most important climatic determinant of evergreen and deciduous broad‐leaved tree species’ distributions, a finding that confirms earlier qualitative studies. Our findings also offer new insight into the definition and distribution of the mixed forest and an accurate assessment of vulnerability of mixed forests to future climate change.

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Warm-Temperate Deciduous Forests around the Northern Hemisphere

Cited by 25 publications

References 146 publications

The Temperate Deciduous Forests of the Northern Hemisphere. A review

The Temperate Deciduous Forests of the Northern Hemisphere. A review

Leaf traits divergence and correlations of woody plants among the three plant functional types on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

Geographical and climatic gradients of evergreen versus deciduous broad‐leaved tree species in subtropical China: Implications for the definition of the mixed forest

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