Warum rauchen Mütter?

Sperlich, Stefanie; Illiger, Kristin; Geyer, Siegfried

doi:10.1007/s00103-011-1358-2

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Single mothers are considered according to some studies as a socially disadvantaged group with higher risks of poverty and ill-health than other women [ 44 ]. Despite the increasing protective behaviour towards children’s exposure to SHS over time for both single and non-single mothers, in accordance with other studies [ 45 , 46 ], after a descriptive analysis for our data, we observed that single mothers are more likely to expose their children to SHS at home than non-single mothers. As implementing the smoking ban does not show an increasing risk of exposing children of single mothers to domestic SHS, the smoking ban can be integrated with targeted campaigns raising awareness and improving the social environment of single mothers to reduce the relative high exposure of children of this social category to SHS [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Change in exposure of children to second-hand smoke with impact on children’s health and change in parental smoking habits after smoking ban in Bavaria – a multiple cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Concerns about smoking displacement from public places to private amenities aroused following smoking ban implementation in Bavaria in 2008. We analysed children’s exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) before and after the ban, its effect on children’s health and prevalence of active smoking in adults. Methods Six cross-sectional surveys (n = 32,443) on pre-school children in Bavaria were analysed, two surveys before the smoking ban in years 2004 and 2005 (S1 and S2) and four after the ban in 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2016 (S4, S6, S7 and S8). Using multivariable logistic regression, we analysed change in children’s intra- and extrauterine SHS exposure and its adverse health effects (Asthma, wheezing, bronchitis and neurodermatitis) as well as change in parental active smoking. Results The response rates were 78% for S1, 73% for S2, 61% for S4, 62% for S6, 56% for S7 and 54% for S8. Odds of parents never smoked at home in presence of children increased significantly from before to after the ban with odds ratios (OR) 1.17 (CI95% 1.01–1.35), 1.65 (CI95% 1.39–1.95), 2.85 (CI95% 2.32–3.51), 2.24 (CI95% 1.84–2.72) and 3.66 (CI95% 2.89–4.63) for S2, S4, S6, S7 and S8, respectively with S1 as reference. Compared to S4, odds of parents who were not actively smoking is significantly higher in S7 (OR = 1.13 (CI95% 1.03–1.24)) and S8 (OR = 1.24 (CI95% 1.13–1.36)). The odds of mothers who never smoked during pregnancy increased over time with OR = 1.22 (CI95% 1.06–1.40) for S2 and 1.57 (CI95% 1.33–1.86) for S8 compared to S1. Adverse health effects related to children’s exposure to SHS are significantly less in S8 compared to S1. Conclusion After 11 years of smoking ban in Bavaria, smoking displacement to homes was disproved. Exposure of children to SHS intrauterine and at home is decreasing. Number of parents who are not actively smoking is increasing over time. Prevalence of health problems in children related to exposure to SHS is decreasing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Change in exposure of children to second-hand smoke with impact on children’s health and change in parental smoking habits after smoking ban in Bavaria – a multiple cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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“…However, these are often children of single parents (usually mothers). Since it is known from literature that an above-average number of single parents are smokers [ 70 – 72 ], we conducted additional analyses in which the family type was taken into account (results not shown). In line with current research, these revealed that the 0- to 6-year-old children of single parents are more frequently exposed to SHS at home than peers who live in two-parent families (KiGGS baseline study: 44.5 vs. 22.0 %; KiGGS Wave 1: 13.4 vs. 5.9 %).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social disparities in parental smoking and young children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data from the German KiGGS study between 2003-2006 and 2009-2012

Kuntz

Lampert

2016

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundChildren who are exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) have an increased risk of a wide range of health problems and illnesses. Smoke-free legislation aims to improve indoor air quality and in this way protect the health of people who do not smoke. This paper examines trends in SHS exposure at home among children in Germany since the introduction of smoking bans in public places. Special focus is placed on the importance of the family of origin’s socioeconomic status (SES) and on parental smoking behaviour.MethodsThe analyses are based on two waves of the “German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents” (KiGGS)—one of which was conducted immediately before the introduction of central smoke-free legislation in the 2003-2006 period, the other approximately 6 years later from 2009 to 2012. A comparison is made between the answers given by the parents of children aged between 0 to 6 (KiGGS baseline study, n = 6680; KiGGS Wave 1, n = 4455). Domestic SHS exposure is covered in the parent interviews by asking whether anyone is allowed to smoke at home in the presence of their child. Parental smoking behaviour is determined separately for mothers and fathers. SES is determined on the basis of the parents’ education, occupational status and income.ResultsThe percentage of 0- to 6-year-old children exposed to SHS in the parental home fell from 23.9 to 6.6 % in the period from 2003-2006 to 2009-2012. At the same time, the percentage of children with at least one parent who smokes decreased from 49.8 to 41.8 %. While relative social inequalities in parental smoking behaviour have tended to increase over time, inequalities in domestic SHS exposure have persisted. Children whose parents smoke and children from low-SES families are still most likely to be exposed to tobacco smoke. In both study periods and after statistical adjustment for parental smoking behaviour, children with a low SES had a 6.6-fold higher risk for SHS exposure in the parental home than children from high-SES households.ConclusionsThe results of the KiGGS study show that the proportion of children in Germany who are exposed to SHS at home has declined significantly over the last few years. There is much to suggest that the smoke-free legislation that has been introduced in Germany has led to a heightened awareness of the health risks of SHS both in public and in the private sphere, as well as to a denormalization of smoking. Children whose parents smoke, and among them particularly children from socially disadvantaged families, should be recognised as key target groups when implementing future tobacco-control measures.

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“…Für die Zielgruppe der Mütter wurden bei täglichem Tabakkonsum ein niedriger sozialer Status, alleinige Erziehungsverantwortung und die Geburt des ersten Kindes vor dem 21. Lebensjahr als Risikofaktoren identifiziert 11 12 . Bei gelegentlichem Tabakkonsum zeigen sich hingegen keine signifikanten Unterschiede in Abhängigkeit vom sozialen Status.…”

Section: Rauchverhalten Und Strategien Zum Rauchstopp Vor Und Nach Der Geburtunclassified

“…Bei gelegentlichem Tabakkonsum zeigen sich hingegen keine signifikanten Unterschiede in Abhängigkeit vom sozialen Status. In Bezug auf psychische Faktoren zeigen rauchende Mütter häufiger eine substanzmittelorientierte Stressbewältigungsstrategie, setzen den Tabakkonsum also gezielt zur Stressreduktion ein 11 .…”

Section: Rauchverhalten Und Strategien Zum Rauchstopp Vor Und Nach Der Geburtunclassified

Rauchfrei bleiben – auch nach der Geburt

Reiber¹,

Graeb²,

Wolke³

et al. 2021

Die Hebamme

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Warum rauchen Mütter?

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Change in exposure of children to second-hand smoke with impact on children’s health and change in parental smoking habits after smoking ban in Bavaria – a multiple cross-sectional study

Change in exposure of children to second-hand smoke with impact on children’s health and change in parental smoking habits after smoking ban in Bavaria – a multiple cross-sectional study

Social disparities in parental smoking and young children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data from the German KiGGS study between 2003-2006 and 2009-2012

Rauchfrei bleiben – auch nach der Geburt

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