Washed microbiota transplantation improves haemoglobin levels in anaemia of chronic disease

Abstract

BackgroundAnaemia of chronic disease (ACD) is the second most common type of anaemia and lacks an effective treatment. Patients with anaemia are reported to have altered gut microbial profiles, which may affect erythropoiesis. Here, we investigated the gut microbial features of patients with ACD and determined whether regulating gut microbiota using washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) was effective in treating ACD.MethodsWe compared the gut microbiota profile of patients with ACD and healthy controls, evaluated the efficacy of WMT on haematological parameters in the patients, and analysed the alterations in gut microbiota after WMT treatment.ResultsPatients with ACD had lower gut microbial richness, and differences in microbial composition and function, relative to healthy controls. Additionally, the relative abundances of two butyrate‐producing genera Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Butyricicoccus, were positively correlated with the haemoglobin (HGB) level and lower in patients with ACD than controls. WMT significantly increased HGB levels in patients with ACD. After the first, second and third WMT rounds, normal HGB levels were restored in 27.02%, 27.78% and 36.37% (all p < .05) of patients with ACD, respectively. Moreover, WMT significantly increased the abundance of butyrate‐producing genera and downregulated gut microbial functions that were upregulated in patients with ACD.ConclusionsPatients with ACD exhibited differences in gut microbial composition and function relative to healthy controls. WMT is an effective treatment for ACD that reshapes gut microbial composition, restores butyrate‐producing bacteria and regulates the functions of gut microbiota.

Washed microbiota transplantation promotes homing of group 3 innate lymphoid cells to the liver via the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis: a potential treatment for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease

“…Healthy donor screening, washed microbiota suspension preparation, and microbiota transplantation were conducted following previously established protocols. 48 A questionnaire assessing medical history, fecal examination for pathogens, and blood tests was used to screen potential donors. The bacterial suspension was prepared in a Biosafety Level 2 laboratory with the assistance of skilled professionals who exclusively used disposable sterile materials.…”

Gut microbiota plays pivotal roles in benign and malignant hematopoiesis

“… 48 Another study showed that the α-diversity of gut microbiota in patients with chronic disease is significantly lower than that in healthy controls, which is accompanied by the decreased abundances of Faecalibacterium , Lachnoclostridium , Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and Butyricicoccus genera. 49 Soriano-Lerma et al 50 demonstrated that iron-deficiency anemia results in intestinal dysbiosis manifested as an increase in SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFA concentration in the colon of rat model. This could be a trade-off mechanism against disease, indicating that supplementation of SCFA or SCFA-producing bacteria may be beneficial to iron-deficiency anemia patients.…”