Waste-Based Second-Generation Bioethanol: A Solution for Future Energy Crisis

Chandrasiri, Yasindra Sandamini; Weerasinghe, W.M.L.I.; Madusanka, D.A.T.; Manage, P.M.

doi:10.14710/ijred.2022.41774

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…As a result of industrial expansion and ongoing population growth, the need for fossil fuel resources is dramatically increasing. − Nonetheless, using fossil fuels leading to global air pollution and warming has sparked interest in alternative energy/fuel sources. − Indeed, there are a large number of alternative fuels such as biodiesel, , hydrogen, , biogas, , pyrolysis oil (bio-oil), , vegetable oils, , alcohol, − ether, , CNG/LPG/LNG, − and furan , have been studied to use for internal combustion engines-based vehicles aiming to diversify the fuel supplies and reduce pollutant emissions. Being one of the potential alternative fuel sources, biodiesel is often regarded as the most viable renewable fuel, owing to its biodegradable, ecologically benign, and toxic-free properties. − However, biodiesel has a few drawbacks over petro-diesel, in which a significant impediment is the high cost of feedstock that could account for 75–88% of overall manufacturing expenses .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Metal–Organic Framework as a Promising Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

Nguyen,

Sharma,

Dzida

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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The rapid depletion of fossil-derived fuels along with rising environmental pollution have motivated academics and manufacturers to pursue more environmentally friendly and sustainable energy options in today's globe. Biodiesel has developed as an ecologically favorable alternative. However, the mass manufacturing of biodiesel on an industrial scale confronts substantial cost and pricing challenges. To address this issue, highefficiency catalysts with a large number of active sites are needed, resulting in increased biodiesel output and quality. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have received a lot of interest as a catalyst for converting oils/fats or fatty acids into biodiesel. MOFs are polyporous materials that can alter pore size as well as topological structure. They serve as a versatile foundation for designing active sites to satisfy the unique needs of catalytic reactions and conversion pathways. The purpose of this current work is to shed light on the underlying mechanisms and essential properties of MOF-based catalysts used in biodiesel synthesis. In addition, several methods for connecting active sites inside MOFs are scrutinized, while the properties and usability of MOF-based catalysts for the biodiesel production process are completely compared to other catalysts. More importantly, limits and future research directions about the utilization of MOFs in the biodiesel synthesis route are also critically presented. In general, this review contributes to improved awareness about the potential of MOFs in the biodiesel production sector by investigating the primary mechanism and characteristics of MOF-based catalysts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Metal–Organic Framework as a Promising Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

Nguyen,

Sharma,

Dzida

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…Due to humans' increasing reliance on fossil fuels. Until now, Indonesia's use fossil energy (petroleum, coal, and natural gas) as the primary energy resource [1]. In general, fossil fuels are still the primary energy source for machines such as those in the transportation industry and other generating equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydroxy Gas Addition in Gasoline-ethanol Fuel Mixture on Performance of Spark Ignition Engine

Rahman,

Asnawi,

Putra

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Fossil fuel continues as primary energy source for the transportation industry, particularly for the fuel used in spark ignition (SI) engines. The use of biofuels such as bioethanol is a solution to the reliance on fossil fuels to reduce green-house gas emissions in the atmosphere and improve environmental air quality. However, the use of bioethanol as a fuel for the SI engine has limitations, such as a reduction in power produced as compared to pure gasoline due to the low energy input contained by bioethanol compared to gasoline. The objective of this study is to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the SI engine by adding Hydroxy (HHO) from water electrolysis to the gasoline-bioethanol mixture, allowing for increasing application of bioethanol at higher concentrations as an additive in future. The test was performed on a 155 cc SI engine equipped with an Engine Control Unit (ECU) to control the fuel injection. The pressure, temperature, oxygen, and throttle position sensors located on the engine and connected to a NI-MyRIO microcontroller. The injection duration of HHO gas based on the duration of gasoline fuel injection, both of fuel are injected through each injector at the intake manifold. The result shows the characteristics of HHO gas improved the disadvantages of biofuels, which have a lower heating value and higher flame speed of bioethanol and gasoline fuel. The presence of HHO gas into the bioethanol-gasoline blend affected to increase the produced power, torque and thermal efficiency of the SI engine. An increase in thermal efficiency at 9.16% obtained at concentration of 20% bioethanol and HHO.

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“…Alleviating the energy crisis is an important issue in today's social development. [1][2][3][4] Many kinds of efficient and sustainable energy storage technologies have been developed to achieve this goal, in which supercapacitors have been extensively studied for their ultrafast charge/ discharge rate, long cycle life and great potential in practical applications. 5,6 Electrode material is one of the key factors that determine the performance of supercapacitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positional isomeric effect of nitro group substituted indoles on the electropolymerization and the capacitance performances of their polymers

Ma,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The isomers of conducting polymers usually have different properties, however, there are still few studies on the isomeric effect of conducting polymers in supercapacitors field. In this work, four isomers (4‐nitroindole, 5‐nitroindole, 6‐nitroindole, and 7‐nitroindole) were selected as the research objects to study the positional isomeric effect of nitro group substituted indoles on the electropolymerization and the capacitance performances of their polymers. The results show that the prepared poly(5‐nitroindole) (5‐PNI) and poly(6‐nitroindole) (6‐PNI) are in nanowires structure, poly(7‐nitroindole) (7‐PNI) is in dense structure, while poly(4‐nitroindole) (4‐PNI) fails to be prepared. In addition, the as‐prepared 5‐PNI, 6‐PNI nanowires and dense 7‐PNI exhibit very different electrochemical properties and capacitance performances. Taking into account the specific capacitance (364 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1), rate capability (58.5%) and cyclic stability (94% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles test), it can be concluded that 5‐PNI is the most suitable electrode material in the field of supercapacitors.

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Waste-Based Second-Generation Bioethanol: A Solution for Future Energy Crisis

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

A Review on Metal–Organic Framework as a Promising Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

A Review on Metal–Organic Framework as a Promising Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

Effect of Hydroxy Gas Addition in Gasoline-ethanol Fuel Mixture on Performance of Spark Ignition Engine

Positional isomeric effect of nitro group substituted indoles on the electropolymerization and the capacitance performances of their polymers

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