Waste Management by Biological Approach Employing Natural Substrates and Microbial Agents for the Remediation of Dyes’ Wastewater

Abstract

This article aims to provide information on two aspects: firstly, waste management of residual biological agro-industrial materials generated from agriculture, and secondly, for the sustainable remediation of textile wastewater. Annually, huge amounts of solid renewable biomass materials are generated worldwide from agricultural and farming sectors. The generation of these vast amounts of solid wastes could be utilised as a valuable and renewable natural resource for various applications. The goal of promoting sustainable development has increased the interest in recycling wastes economically and in an eco-friendly way. This article reviews the published research on this topic and discusses the usage of these solid substrates in the remediation of a major environmental component, textile dye-contaminated water. The purpose of this article is to discuss an integrated and cross-disciplinary approach to sustainable solid and liquid waste management and remediation of environmental components and to report the biological approaches and their efficiency in a chemical-free and economically viable bioremediation process for large volumes of dye-contaminated water resources.

The Use of Sugarcane Bagasse to Remove the Organic Dyes from Wastewater

“…Indeed, the toxic chemical products dumped into the water are genotoxic and mutagenic which might cause hereditary diseases that can be transmitted to the future generation [ 3 ]. Moreover, this will also provoke the increase of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) which inhibit and decrease the rate of photosynthesis and plants' growth [ 4 ]. In this context, a wide variety of physical, chemical, and biological techniques have been developed and tested in the treatment of these effluents loaded with dyes.…”

Application of biological systems and processes employing microbes and algae to Reduce, Recycle, Reuse (3Rs) for the sustainability of circular bioeconomy

“…However, their interaction with the native microorganisms residing in the host plants requires further investigation [114] . Further research is required to explore their probable and effective application in the industrial bioprocesses for the utilization of a variety of residual materials, which are generated annually as bioresources in several sectors globally [115] – [118] to contribute to circular bioeconomy on a commercial scale [119] – [120] …”

Preliminary Studies of Methylene Blue Remotion from Aqueous Solutions by Ocimum basilicum

“…As a result, significant amounts of textile effluent must be treated before being released into receiving waterways. The production of dye metabolites and the presence of heavy metals within the dye structure are both responsible for toxicity in textile effluents [4]. Dyes are considered dangerous because of their toxic characteristics, including carcinogenic, allergic, and dermal impacts.…”