Waste type, incineration, and aeration are associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl levels in landfill leachates

Solo‐Gabriele, Helena M.; Jones, Athena S.; Lindstrom, Andrew B.; Lang, Johnsie R.

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.034

Cited by 103 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This mixture may be from one or more point sources releasing multiple PFAS and/or PFAS by‐products into the air and water, such as a Chemours plant in North Carolina, and suggest that exposures may be substantial (McCord and Strynar 2019). However, numerous other PFAS sources are known to impact community exposure to PFAS mixtures, such as landfill leachate, biosolids recycling, and aqueous film–forming foam contamination of drinking water sources, among others (Sunderland et al 2019; Solo‐Gabriele et al 2020). Aqueous film–forming foam and other mixtures evident in drinking water, food packaging, health and beauty products, and food‐based sources are often poorly characterized (Sunderland et al 2019; Susmann et al 2019).…”

Section: So Many Pfas So Little Time: Accelerating the Pace Of Discomentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Toxicity and Human Health Review: Current State of Knowledge and Strategies for Informing Future Research

Fenton

Ducatman

Boobis

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

1,142

533

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Reports of environmental and human health impacts of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have greatly increased in the peer‐reviewed literature. The goals of the present review are to assess the state of the science regarding toxicological effects of PFAS and to develop strategies for advancing knowledge on the health effects of this large family of chemicals. Currently, much of the toxicity data available for PFAS are for a handful of chemicals, primarily legacy PFAS such as perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate. Epidemiological studies have revealed associations between exposure to specific PFAS and a variety of health effects, including altered immune and thyroid function, liver disease, lipid and insulin dysregulation, kidney disease, adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes, and cancer. Concordance with experimental animal data exists for many of these effects. However, information on modes of action and adverse outcome pathways must be expanded, and profound differences in PFAS toxicokinetic properties must be considered in understanding differences in responses between the sexes and among species and life stages. With many health effects noted for a relatively few example compounds and hundreds of other PFAS in commerce lacking toxicity data, more contemporary and high‐throughput approaches such as read‐across, molecular dynamics, and protein modeling are proposed to accelerate the development of toxicity information on emerging and legacy PFAS, individually and as mixtures. In addition, an appropriate degree of precaution, given what is already known from the PFAS examples noted, may be needed to protect human health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:606–630. © 2020 SETAC

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Section: So Many Pfas So Little Time: Accelerating the Pace Of Discomentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Toxicity and Human Health Review: Current State of Knowledge and Strategies for Informing Future Research

Fenton

Ducatman

Boobis

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

1,142

533

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This sludge, however, is eventually removed from the WWTP and is often used as organic soil amendment which has been shown to contribute to the contamination of soil and agricultural crops [52]. Sewage sludge, AFFFs, textiles, and other PFAS-containing products are also routinely disposed of at incineration facilities [53][54][55][56]. It is unclear whether PFAS are released to the atmosphere in their original state during incineration; however, the release of lower-molecular-mass PFAS products has been reported [56].…”

Section: Direct Sources Of Legacy Pfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ash produced from the incineration of sewage sludge and other PFAS-containing waste products is also routinely discarded in landfills. Depending on the temperature of incineration, PFAS and products of incomplete combustion can still be present in ash upon disposal [55]. Another major source of PFAS to landfills is the disposal of used consumer goods such as food packing materials, paper products, textiles, and carpets [64][65][66].…”

Section: Landfills As Direct and Indirect Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate, and Health Effects

Brase

Mullin

Spink

2021

IJMS

184

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Due to their unique chemical properties, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been used extensively as industrial surfactants and processing aids. While several types of PFAS have been voluntarily phased out by their manufacturers, these chemicals continue to be of ecological and public health concern due to their persistence in the environment and their presence in living organisms. Moreover, while the compounds referred to as “legacy” PFAS remain in the environment, alternative compounds have emerged as replacements for their legacy predecessors and are now detected in numerous matrices. In this review, we discuss the historical uses of PFAS, recent advances in analytical techniques for analysis of these compounds, and the fate of PFAS in the environment. In addition, we evaluate current biomonitoring studies of human exposure to legacy and emerging PFAS and examine the associations of PFAS exposure with human health impacts, including cancer- and non-cancer-related outcomes. Special focus is given to short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and ether-substituted, polyfluoroalkyl alternatives including hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA; tradename GenX), 4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (DONA), and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroethersulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA; tradename F-53B).

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“…A further 32.7 MT (for 2016-2017) of non-core wastes (e.g., agricultural organics, fly ash from coal power plants, red muds from aluminium processing) are landfilled in Australia [29]. While C&D wastes, and some industrial ash wastes pose continued risk for PFAS contamination and transfer to landfill [37], most mine wastes pose minimal risk.…”

Section: Overview Of Pfas In Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Per- and Polyfluoralkyl Substances (PFAS) with Landfill Liners

Gates¹,

MacLeod²,

Fehérvári³

et al. 2020

AEER

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This review synthesises the available published research on interactions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with landfill liners, with the view to inform on the expected behaviour of these persistent environmental pollutants in landfills. The review addresses the nature and significant types of PFAS compounds that are destined for landfills, as well as their by-product. It discusses the known and anticipated interactions with separate landfill liner components, namely geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners and compacted clay liners. Various water-soluble PFAS are shown to advectively transport through geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) and showcase the limitations of relying on mineral liners alone to retain PFAS. Addition of activated carbon, while increasing saturated hydraulic conductivity, significantly increases PFAS retention by the GCL and reduced PFAS flux to manageable concentrations. An assessment of the relative risk for environmental exposure of different types of PFAS from landfills through interaction with those liner components is achieved with reference to published case studies of PFAS detection in and around landfills from Australia and around the World.

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Waste type, incineration, and aeration are associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl levels in landfill leachates

Cited by 103 publications

References 47 publications

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Toxicity and Human Health Review: Current State of Knowledge and Strategies for Informing Future Research

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Toxicity and Human Health Review: Current State of Knowledge and Strategies for Informing Future Research

Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate, and Health Effects

Interactions of Per- and Polyfluoralkyl Substances (PFAS) with Landfill Liners

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