Wastewater management in small- and medium-size enterprises: case studies

Abou‐Elela, Sohair I.; Nasr, Fayza A.; El‐Shafai, Saber A.

doi:10.1007/s10669-007-9142-4

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The practical advantages were reducing truck times at the factory, better allocating waste, and reducing accidents. Another critical point was the increase in the daily processing capacity of pupunha palm heart, and this corroborates Abou-Elela et al (2008) and Willers et al (2014), who introduced changes in the process to increase production.…”

Section: Investment Analysis and Economic Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 72%

Adoption of cleaner production in a pupunha palm heart factory: a systematic literature review and a case study

2022

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The pupunha (peach palm) palm heart production in the Vale do Ribeira (southern region of the State of São Paulo-Brazil) brings economic benefits to the region, and environmental risks with the generation of a large amount of waste. The Cleaner Production adoption in the pupunha palm heart factories is a strategy for reducing environmental impacts and generating profit, with consequent rational use of raw material, reuse of waste, and new equipment installation. This research aims to evaluate the Cleaner Production adoption's environmental and economic benefits in the reuse of waste generated in pupunha palm heart processing. The case study was carried out in a factory, using direct observation, interviews, and documentary data. The calculation of ROI was an adequate tool for economic evaluation, and the adoption of gondolas in the stages of material separation and waste treatment provided improvements in the production processes. The Cleaner Production application increased the theoretical knowledge about the treatment and use of the waste, reduced the environmental impact, allowed the development of a new business, and generated economic gains through the creation of employment and increase of income.

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Section: Investment Analysis and Economic Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 72%

Adoption of cleaner production in a pupunha palm heart factory: a systematic literature review and a case study

2022

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“…Food industries generate significant amounts of waste during processing, production, packaging, and storage (Sohair et al, 2008). South Africa generates large quantities of organic food wastes which needs technical valorisation (Greben and Oelofse, 2009;Oelofse and Nahman, 2013).…”

Section: Biodiesel Production From Lollipop Effluent Via Base Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Enzymatic Valorisation of Confectionery Waste into Biofuel: An Application of Circular Economy

Theart

Marx

Karmee

2020

EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RE

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Waste oil was extracted from lollipop effluent stream using a mixture of organic solvents viz. n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Lollipop effluent samples found to contain ~ 10-18 wt.% oil. Subsequently, the oil was subjected to biodiesel synthesis under solvent free condition using chemical and enzymatic catalysts. Among the base catalysts used, KOH catalyzed reaction gave highest biodiesel yield (99 %) in 20 minutes. Furthermore, nine different lipases were screened as catalysts for biodiesel preparation from lollipop effluent oil. The screening experiments revealed that Novozyme-435 was best among the lipases which gave 94 % biodiesel in 18 h at 40 0 C.

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“…Wastewater from the food industry contains a high level of organic compounds. They can be up to 10 times higher compared with municipal wastewater [1][2][3]. Wastewater discharging characterized by a high load of organic compounds can create a severe environmental problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Photooxidation on Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling During Wastewater Treatment from the Confectionery Industry

Marszałek

Puszczało

2020

Water

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The research in this article aimed to present the possibilities of wastewater treatment coming from the confectionery plant in the nanofiltration (NF) process and the use of photooxidation to mitigate membrane fouling. The process was carried out initially in a dead-end flow system, where the most favorable membrane was selected. Next, the purification efficiency and blocking intensity of this membrane in the system were compared with cross flow. The next research involved the use of a photolytic oxidation process to pretreat sugar wastewater. UV radiation was emitted by a medium pressure mercury UV lamp model TQ 150 V. The effectiveness of the process was also evaluated based on the degree of pollutant load removal. The evaluation of the efficiency of a treatment process was based on the change of wastewater quality indicators before and after the membrane process. The following parameters were controlled: color, COD (chemical oxygen demand), TOC (total organic carbon), absorbance of UV254, nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, conductivity, and pH. During the course of pressure filtration, the following properties of the membrane were determined: the dependence of the volumetric flux of the permeate on the process duration, the permeability of the membrane, as well as the contact angle of the membranes. It was found that the use of UV reduced the phenomenon of fouling of nanofiltration membranes. The value of the permeate volumetric flow after the hour of running the process increased by 17%. However, no impact of UV on the efficiency of wastewater treatment was found. However, the NF process provided the required quality of treated wastewater that can be reused in industrial applications. The NF process resulted in a total decrease in absorbance, 99% TOC removal, and 98% color removal.For the wastewater treatment in a closed cycle, mainly physicochemical methods are used, such as chemical precipitation, sorption, and membrane filtration. More expensive, more modern technology of wastewater treatment, such as nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, allows more effective purification. The advantage of these methods is that, after the treatment process in the wastewater, there are no semi-finished products of pollutants decomposition and additional chemicals [4,5].The main advantages of membrane processes are low power demand, small device constructions, high flexibility in terms of installation efficiency and effectiveness, the ability to incorporate membrane modules into existing systems of wastewater treatment equipment, removing a whole pollutants range, and not only changing them into forms of occurrence, effective removal of pathogenic microorganisms, effective removal of organic fouling, and obtaining water of better quality than specified in the requirements [5]. However, as is well known, these processes are accompanied by the inherent phenomena contributing to the reduction of the membrane performance owing to the increase of filtration system resistance. They include the fouling phenomenon. There are many studies r...

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Wastewater management in small- and medium-size enterprises: case studies

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Adoption of cleaner production in a pupunha palm heart factory: a systematic literature review and a case study

Adoption of cleaner production in a pupunha palm heart factory: a systematic literature review and a case study

Chemical and Enzymatic Valorisation of Confectionery Waste into Biofuel: An Application of Circular Economy

Effect of Photooxidation on Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling During Wastewater Treatment from the Confectionery Industry

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