Wastewater sources of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) and pharmaceuticals in four Canadian Arctic communities

Stroski, Kevin M.; Luong, Kim H.; Challis, Jonathan K.; Chaves-Barquero, Luis G.; Hanson, Mark L.; Wong, Charles S.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134494

Cited by 58 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a diverse group of anthropogenic compounds of concern due to their widespread use, potential toxicity (Borg et al 2013;Piekarski et al 2020;Rand and Mabury 2017;Stanifer et al 2018), and resistance to complete removal from sewage (Choi et al 2019;Dimzon et al 2017;Lazcano et al 2019;Stroski et al 2020), drinking water (Hu et al 2016;Li et al 2020;Rahman et al 2014), landfills (Hamid et al 2018;Hepburn et al 2019;Knutsen et al 2019) and environmental reservoirs (Ahrens et al 2015;Ahrens and Bundschuh 2014;Barzen-Hanson et al 2017;Codling et al 2020;Janousek et al 2019;Ross et al 2018). Much of what is known about microbial PFAS metabolism has been derived from chemical analyses of soil, water, groundwater and sediment, mass balance studies of sewage treatment systems (reviewed by Ahrens and Bundschuh 2014;Liu and Mejia Avendaño 2013), and in vitro microcosm studies using aerobic (D'Agostino and Mabury 2017; Liu and Liu 2016;Liu et al 2010;Wang et al 2005;Zhang et al 2016) or anaerobic (Zhang et al 2016) mixed cultures taken from these environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic response of Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y when provided with 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine or 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate as sole sulfur source

et al. 2020

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Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmental contaminants of concern. We previously described biodegradation of two PFAS that represent components and transformation products of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine (6:2 FTAB) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTSA), by Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y. To identify genes involved in the breakdown of these compounds, the transcriptomic response of NB4-1Y was examined when grown on 6:2 FTAB, 6:2 FTSA, a non-fluorinated analog of 6:2 FTSA (1-octanesulfonate), or MgSO4, as sole sulfur source. Differentially expressed genes were identified as those with ± 1.5 log2-fold-differences (± 1.5 log2FD) in transcript abundances in pairwise comparisons. Transcriptomes of cells grown on 6:2 FTAB and 6:2 FTSA were most similar (7.9% of genes expressed ± 1.5 log2FD); however, several genes that were expressed in greater abundance in 6:2 FTAB treated cells compared to 6:2 FTSA treated cells were noted for their potential role in carbon–nitrogen bond cleavage in 6:2 FTAB. Responses to sulfur limitation were observed in 6:2 FTAB, 6:2 FTSA, and 1-octanesulfonate treatments, as 20 genes relating to global sulfate stress response were more highly expressed under these conditions compared to the MgSO4 treatment. More highly expressed oxygenase genes in 6:2 FTAB, 6:2 FTSA, and 1-octanesulfonate treatments were found to code for proteins with lower percent sulfur-containing amino acids compared to both the total proteome and to oxygenases showing decreased expression. This work identifies genetic targets for further characterization and will inform studies aimed at evaluating the biodegradation potential of environmental samples through applied genomics. Graphic Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic response of Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y when provided with 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine or 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate as sole sulfur source

et al. 2020

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“…Currently, such facilities do not have additional steps to remove pharmaceutically active compounds. Therefore, WWTPs are recognized as hot spots for releasing pharmaceuticals into aquatic environments [1,2]. These compounds are considered as pseudo-persistent compounds in WWTP effluents due to regular prescription and continuous use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Metabolic Transformation of Pharmaceuticals by Hepatic S9 Fractions from Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

et al. 2020

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Water from wastewater treatment plants contains concentrations of pharmaceutically active compounds as high as micrograms per liter, which can adversely affect fish health and behavior, and contaminate the food chain. Here, we tested the ability of the common carp hepatic S9 fraction to produce the main metabolites from citalopram, metoprolol, sertraline, and venlafaxine. Metabolism in fish S9 fractions was compared to that in sheep. The metabolism of citalopram was further studied in fish. Our results suggest a large difference in the rate of metabolites formation between fish and sheep. Fish hepatic S9 fractions do not show an ability to form metabolites from venlafaxine, which was also the case for sheep. Citalopram, metoprolol, and sertraline were metabolized by both fish and sheep S9. Citalopram showed concentration-dependent N-desmethylcitalopram formation with Vmax = 1781 pmol/min/mg and Km = 29.7 μM. The presence of ellipticine, a specific CYP1A inhibitor, in the incubations reduced the formation of N-desmethylcitalopram by 30–100% depending on the applied concentration. These findings suggest that CYP1A is the major enzyme contributing to the formation of N-desmethylcitalopram. In summary, the results from the present in vitro study suggest that common carp can form the major metabolites of citalopram, metoprolol, and sertraline.

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“…Because their concentration is very low, toxic effects are expected to be mainly chronic, rather than acute; their biological effects on organisms may cause unwanted environmental effects. [5][6][7] Recent research has shown that conventional drinking water treatment processes (e.g., coagulation/sedimentation, sand filtration, and chlorination) do not completely degrade or remove certain types of organic contaminants 2,[8][9][10][11] ; residual concentration of these compounds is found in wastewater effluents at low concentrations (ng L −1 to μg L −1 range). 8 Therefore, very sensitive analytical methods are necessary for their determination in drinking water.…”

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confidence: 99%

An innovative sampling approach combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of emerging pollutants in drinking water

et al. 2020

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In this work, an innovative sampling and preconcentration method followed by analysis with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of different emerging pollutants (five anti-inflammatory drugs and one antibacterial agent) in water matrices. Thin-film microextraction blades, consisting of stainless steel blades with a coating made of divinylbenzene, have been employed. The blades, fixed onto a stainless steel support, were mounted on a laboratory stirrer with adjustable speed, immersed in water samples and eluted with methanol. The analytical procedure was developed, carefully optimizing stirring speed and extraction time. A good reproducibility among the blades was observed; quantitation limits at the ng L −1 level were achieved. Calibration curves were constructed by applying the whole procedure to tap water samples, free from analytes, spiked with standards in the concentration range 0.01-2 μg L −1 ; good linearity was obtained, with R 2 between 0.9984 and 0.9991.

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Wastewater sources of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) and pharmaceuticals in four Canadian Arctic communities

Cited by 58 publications

References 50 publications

Transcriptomic response of Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y when provided with 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine or 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate as sole sulfur source

Transcriptomic response of Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y when provided with 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine or 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate as sole sulfur source

In Vitro Metabolic Transformation of Pharmaceuticals by Hepatic S9 Fractions from Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

An innovative sampling approach combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of emerging pollutants in drinking water

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