Water Absorption and Distribution in a Pultruded Unidirectional Carbon/Glass Hybrid Rod under Hydraulic Pressure and Elevated Temperatures

Li, Chenggao; Xian, Guijun; Li, Hui

doi:10.3390/polym10060627

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It has been reported that water in the hydrophilic polymer exists as two states, i.e., non-freezable water, which interacts with the hydrophilic functional groups, such as carboxyl groups on polymer chains, to prevent this water from freezing, and freezable water existing in the macromolecular interstices and/or with proximal occupancy around the attached water molecules [23,[40][41][42]. Damrongsak et al [34] used differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to measure the distribution of water in sodium alginate and found that there were two exothermic peaks during the cooling process, which were the crystallization of conjugated bound water (non-freezable water) at −23 • C and crystallization of free water at −16 • C, respectively, where the large decrease in the crystallization temperature of the freezable bound water is due to the polymer-water interaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogels as Durable Anti-Icing Coatings Inhibit and Delay Ice Nucleation

et al. 2020

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The accumulation of ice on surfaces brings dangerous and costly problems to our daily life. Thus, it would be desirable to design anti-icing coatings for various surfaces. We report a durable anti-icing coating based on mussel-inspired chemistry, which is enabled via fabricating a liquid water layer, achieved by modifying solid substrates with the highly water absorbing property of sodium alginate. Dopamine, the main component of the mussel adhesive protein, is introduced to anchor the sodium alginate in order to render the coating applicable to all types of solid surfaces. Simultaneously, it serves as the cross-linking agent for sodium alginate; thus, the cross-linking degree of the coatings could be easily varied. The non-freezable and freezable water in the coatings with different cross-link degrees all remain liquid-like at subzero conditions and synergistically fulfill the aim of decreasing the temperature of ice nucleation. These anti-icing coatings display excellent stability even under harsh conditions. Furthermore, these coatings can be applied to almost all types of solid surfaces and have great promise in practical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogels as Durable Anti-Icing Coatings Inhibit and Delay Ice Nucleation

et al. 2020

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“…Several works have explored the effect of thermal ageing on carbon fibre/epoxy composites. Although some of them address the combined effect of temperature and other factors, such as moisture, i.e., hygrothermal ageing [ 18 ], moisture and pressure [ 19 ], moisture, pressure and fatigue loads [ 20 ], or other sources such as UV radiation [ 21 ], in the following, we will consider solely the articles concerned with the influence of ageing temperature and time. Tsotsis [ 22 ] investigated the effect of ageing on unidirectional compression, open-hole compression, and fracture properties of CFRP, using two different epoxies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermal Ageing on the Mechanical Strength of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites

et al. 2021

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Applications of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) at temperatures over 150–200 °C are becoming common in aerospace and automotive applications. Exposure of CFRP to these temperatures can lead to permanent changes in their mechanical properties. In this work, we investigated the effect of thermal ageing in air on the strength of carbon fabric/epoxy composites. To this end, accelerated artificial ageing at different temperatures was performed on carbon fabric/epoxy specimens. The flexural and interlaminar shear strengths of the aged specimens were assessed by three-point bending and short beam shear tests, respectively, and compared to those of unaged samples. For ageing at temperatures below the glass transition temperature of the resin, Tg, a moderate reduction of strength was found, with a maximum decrease of 25% for 2160 h at 75% Tg. On the other hand, a rapid strength decrease was observed for ageing temperatures above Tg. This was attributed to degradation of the epoxy matrix and of the fibre/epoxy interface. In particular, a 30% strength decrease was found for less than 6 h at 145% Tg. Therefore, it was concluded that even a short exposure to operating temperatures above Tg could substantially impair the load-carrying capability of CFRP components.

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“…Many studies have been experimentally carried out to investigate the effect of high temperature on the mechanical performances of FRP composites [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Obviously, the mechanical properties of the FRP composites could be characterized by tensile, compressive, flexural impact, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Behavior of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Incorporating Nanomaterials after Exposure to Elevated Temperature

Truong

Tran

Choi

2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

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This study experimentally examined the effect of nanomaterial on the tensile behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs), and short multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized COOH (S-MWCNT-COOH) with 1% by weight were used as the primary test parameters. In the present test, S-MWCNT-COOH was more effective than the others in improving the maximum tensile strength, ultimate strain, and toughness of the CFRP composites. The use of S-MWCNT-COOH increased the maximum tensile strength, ultimate strain, and toughness of the CFRP composites by 20.7, 45.7, and 73.8%, respectively. In addition, tensile tests were carried out for CFRP composites with S-MWCNT-COOH after subjection to elevated temperatures ranging from 50 to 200°C. The test results showed that the tensile strength, ultimate strain, and toughness were significantly reduced with increasing temperature. At a temperature level of 100°C, the reduction of the maximum tensile strength, ultimate strain, and toughness was 36.5, 37.1, and 60.0%, respectively. However, for the specimens subjected to the elevated temperatures ranging from 100 to 200°C, the tensile behavioral properties were constantly maintained. Finally, various analytical models were applied to predict the tensile strength of the CFRP composites with S-MWCNT-COOH. By using the calibrated parameters, the tensile strengths predicted by the models showed good agreement with the experimental results.

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Water Absorption and Distribution in a Pultruded Unidirectional Carbon/Glass Hybrid Rod under Hydraulic Pressure and Elevated Temperatures

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

Hydrogels as Durable Anti-Icing Coatings Inhibit and Delay Ice Nucleation

Hydrogels as Durable Anti-Icing Coatings Inhibit and Delay Ice Nucleation

Effect of Thermal Ageing on the Mechanical Strength of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Tensile Behavior of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Incorporating Nanomaterials after Exposure to Elevated Temperature

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