Water allocations and mulching in castor bean crops in a semiarid Fluvic Neossol

Abstract

-The influence of different irrigation levels, both with and without mulching, was evaluated for the growth variables of productivity, production components and water use efficiency, in a castor bean crop (Ricinus Comunnis) cv. BRS Energia, in a Fluvic Neossol of the semiarid in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. The experimental design used was completely randomised in a factorial of 4 (irrigation levels) × 2 (with and without mulch), with four replications. The irrigation levels were based on the evapotranspiration of the crop (ETc), with L1 = 60% ETc, L2 = 80% ETc, L3 = 100% ETc and L4 = 120% ETc. All growth variables showed significant differences to the mulch at 120 days after germination. The number of racemes per plant, percentage of bark, and water use efficiency responded significantly to the presence of mulch on the ground, while length of racemes, fruit yield and berry yield responded significantly to the isolated effects of the irrigation levels and ground cover. Levels L3 and L4 improved the performance of the crop, with an average productivity of over 2,360 kg berries ha RESUMO -Avaliou-se a influência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação na presença e ausência de cobertura morta nas variáveis de crescimento, produtividade, componentes de produção e eficiência do uso da água, da cultura mamoneira (Ricinus Comunnis) cultivar BRS Energia em Neossolo Flúvico no semiárido pernambucano. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 (lâminas de irrigação) × 2 (com e sem cobertura morta) com quatro repetições. As lâminas de irrigação basearam-se na evapotranspiração de cultura (ETc), sendo L1 = 60% ETc; L2 = 80% ETc; L3 = 100% ETc e L4 = 120% ETc. Todas as variáveis de crescimento apresentaram diferença significativa à cobertura morta aos 120 dias após a germinação. O número de racemos por planta, o percentual de casca e a eficiência no uso da água responderam significativamente à presença de cobertura morta no solo; enquanto o comprimento de racemos, a produtividade de frutos e produtividade de bagas responderam significativamente aos efeitos isolados das lâminas e da cobertura do solo. As lâminas L3 e L4 foram as que permitiram melhor desempenho da cultura, com produtividade média acima de 2.360 kg ha -1 de bagas.Palavras-chave: Irrigação. Crescimento. Componentes de produção.

Effect of mulch materials on soil physico-chemical properties and the performance of castor bean plant (Ricinus communis) in rivers state, Nigeria

“…Germination was generally between 6 to 10 days. This is much faster when compared with 10 to 21 days reported for unimproved varieties of castor bean (Oplinger et al 1990) and 10 to 15 days reported for mulched cultivation (Silva et al 2014). Across all treatments, maximum germination percentage was 70% at 10 days.…”

Agronomic variability of the oleaginous plant in the presence and absence mulching in the semiarid

“…Therefore, it was observed that the values obtained from the agronomic characteristics were differentiated due to the presence and absence of the conservation practices, in the treatments analyzed, evidencing that the use of the practice becomes advantageous for the cultivation of Moringa, in relation to the height of the plant. According to Silva et al (2014), who used mulching in the study area as a conservationist practice, they observed that all the growth variables showed a significant difference to mulching and obtained a better performance in the castor bean growth.…”

“…In this context, a number of studies have been intensified in recent years by several researchers (Fontes Júnior et al, 2012;Montenegro et al, 2013;Silva et al, 2014;Ceddia et al, 2015;Melo and Montenegro, 2015;Almeida et al, 2016). For these researchers, studies related to the variability of chemical and physical attributes are important tools to identify areas with greater ability for crops, for the management of groundwater resources, and for proper soil management.…”

Crescimento E Produção De Repolho Sob Diferentes Adubações Na Presença E Ausência De Cobertura Morta Em Agricultura Familiar

“…Araújo et al (2010), em ambiente protegido, encontraram valores de EUA de no máximo 120 kg ha -1 mm -1 . Silva et al (2014), avaliando a EUA na cultura da mamona na mesma região de estudo do presente trabalho, verificaram efeito significativo para a presença de cobertura morta no solo com uma eficiência máxima de 3,8 kg ha -1 mm -1 .…”