Water and electrolyte balance in the vascular space during graded exercise in humans

Nosé, Hiroshi; Takamata, Akira; Mack, Gary W.; Oda, Yoshinobu; Okuno, Tadashi; Kang, Duk-Ho; Morimoto, Taketoshi

doi:10.1152/jappl.1991.70.6.2757

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Increased capillary fluid filtration from the intravascular to the extravascular spaces due to an increase in blood pressure and peripheral vasodilation during exercise causes the PV change. Additionally, metabolites accumulated in the intracellular fluid of contracting muscles such as lactic acid increases free-water shift from the plasma to the intracellular fluid through the interstitium based on the osmotic gradient [9]. It is estimated to be ~1 L of the volume shifted to the contracting muscles at maximal exercise.…”

Section: Thermoregulation In Warm and Hot Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Temperature Regulation During Exercise and Hyperthermia in Diabetics

Takeda¹,

Okazaki²

2018

Diabetes and Its Complications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermoregulatory function, that is, heat dissipative responses such as skin blood flow (SkBF) and sweating to an increased body temperature, is critical during physical work or exercise in warm and hot conditions and during hyperthermia. Thermoregulatory function is associated with individual somatotype, fitness level, normal aging, and physiological status and diseases. Individuals with type 2 diabetes have decreased thermoregulatory responses compared with healthy counterparts, characterized by decreased SkBF and sweating. The decreased SkBF and sweating would be associated with the reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability and endothelial functions in skin vasculatures, also with central mechanisms, and so on. Aerobic exercise training and/or acclimation to the heat improve heat dissipative responses in healthy subjects. The effects of exercise training in type 2 diabetics on glycemic control are well established while it remains unclear that high levels of aerobic fitness or exercise training in diabetics improve thermoregulatory function during heat stress.

show abstract

Section: Thermoregulation In Warm and Hot Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Temperature Regulation During Exercise and Hyperthermia in Diabetics

Takeda¹,

Okazaki²

2018

Diabetes and Its Complications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…85,86 This phenomenon typically occurs in the context of marked lactic acidosis and can transiently raise serum [Na ? ] by 10-15 mmol l -1 .…”

Section: Water Shift Into Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Les troubles de l’équilibre hydrosodé chez les patients hospitalisés

Bagshaw

Townsend

McDermid

2008

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To review and discuss the epidemiology, contributing factors, and approach to clinical management of disorders of sodium and water balance in hospitalized patients. Source An electronic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases and a search of the bibliographies of all relevant studies and review articles for recent reports on hyponatremia and hypernatremia with a focus on critically ill patients. Principal findings Disorders of sodium and water balance are exceedingly common in hospitalized patients, particularly those with critical illness and are often iatrogenic. These disorders are broadly categorized as hypo-osmolar or hyper-osmolar, depending on the balance (i.e., excess or deficit) of total body water relative to total body sodium content and are classically recognized as either hyponatremia or hypernatremia. These disorders may represent a surrogate for increased neurohormonal activation, organ dysfunction, worsening severity of illness, or progression of underlying chronic disease. Hyponatremic disorders may be caused by appropriately elevated (volume depletion) or inappropriately elevated (SIADH) arginine vasopressin levels, appropriately suppressed arginine vasopressin levels (kidney dysfunction), or alterations in plasma osmolality (drugs or body cavity irrigation with hypotonic solutions). Hypernatremia is most commonly due to unreplaced hypotonic water depletion (impaired mental status and/or access to free water), but it may also be caused by transient water shift into cells (from convulsive seizures) and iatrogenic sodium loading (from salt intake or administration of hypertonic solutions). Conclusion In hospitalized patients, hyponatremia and hypernatremia are often iatrogenic and may contribute to serious morbidity and increased risk of death. These disorders require timely recognition and can often be reversed with appropriate intervention and treatment of underlying predisposing factors.

show abstract

“…During exercise, since osmotic active substances of metabolites may be accumulated in the ICF of contracting muscles, additional fluid shift into muscle ICF occurs according to the osmotic gradient between the intra-and extravascular spaces 31) . The volume shifted to the contracting muscles is estimated to be around 1 litter during maximal cycle ergometer exercise 32) .…”

Section: Blood Volume In Dehydration and Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Illness during Working and Preventive Considerations from Body Fluid Homeostasis

Kamijo

Nosé

2006

Ind Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purposes of this review are to show pathophysiological mechanisms for heat illness during working in a hot environment and accordingly provide some preventive considerations from a viewpoint of body fluid homeostasis. The incidence of the heat illness is closely associated with body temperature regulation, which is much affected by body fluid state in humans. Heat generated by contracting muscles during working increases body temperature, which, in a feedback manner, drives heat-dissipation mechanisms of skin blood flow and sweating to prevent a rise in body temperature. However, the impairment of heat-dissipation mechanisms caused by hard work in hot, humid, and dehydrated conditions accelerates the increase in body temperature, and, if not properly treated, leads to heat illness. First, we overviewed thermoregulation during working (exercising) in a hot environment, describe the effects of dehydration on skin blood flow and sweating, and then explained how they contributes to the progression toward heat illness. Second, we described the advantageous effects of blood volume expansion after heat acclimatization on temperature regulation during exercise as well as those of restitution from dehydration by supplementation of carbohydrate-electrolyte solution. Finally, we described that the deteriorated thermoregulation in the elderly is closely associated with the impaired body fluid regulation and that blood volume expansion by exercise training with protein supplementation improves thermoregulation.

show abstract

Water and electrolyte balance in the vascular space during graded exercise in humans

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Body Temperature Regulation During Exercise and Hyperthermia in Diabetics

Body Temperature Regulation During Exercise and Hyperthermia in Diabetics

Les troubles de l’équilibre hydrosodé chez les patients hospitalisés

Heat Illness during Working and Preventive Considerations from Body Fluid Homeostasis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About