Water and herbicide transient flow transport in field dried topsoils during controlled infiltration

Bartoli, F.; Boivin, Arnaud; Schiavon, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.001

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Soil water content (S, %), saturated water content (SW, %), capillary moisture capacity (CW, %) that is quantified in the field by the capacity of the unsaturated aggregates to absorb water by capillarity [37], field water capacity (FW, %) that is defined as water in the soil retained against gravity [38], and bulk density (D, g/cm 3 ) were calculated according to Equations (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), respectively. The total porosity (Pt, %), capillary porosity (Pc, %) and noncapillary porosity (Pn, %) of the soil were calculated according to Equations (6)- (8), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Wildfire on Selected Physical, Chemical and Biochemical Soil Properties in a Pinus massoniana Forest in South China

Xue

QiuJing

Chen

2014

Forests

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Abstract:Pinus massoniana forests bordering South China are often affected by wildfires. Fires cause major changes in soil properties in many forest types but little is known about the effects of fire on soil properties in these P. massoniana forests. Such knowledge is important for providing a comprehensive understanding of wildfire effects on soil patterns and for planning appropriate long-term forest management in these forests. Changes in soil physical properties, carbon, nutrients, and enzymes were investigated in a P. massoniana forest along a wildfire-induced time span consisting of an unburned soil, and soils 0, one, four, and seven years post-fire. Soil (0-10 cm) was collected from burned and unburned sites immediately and one, four, and seven years after a wildfire. The wildfire effects on soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities were significantly different among treatment variation, time variation, and treatment-by-time interaction. Significant short-term effects on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties were found, which resulted in a deterioration of soil physical properties by increasing soil bulk density and decreasing macropores and capillary moisture. Soil pH increased significantly in the soil one-year post-fire. Carbon, total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and available N and P increased significantly immediately and one year after the wildfire and decreased progressively to concentrations lower than in the unburned soil. Total potassium (K) and exchangeable K increased immediately after the wildfire and then continuously decreased along the burned time-span. Urease, acid phosphatase, and catalase activities significantly decreased OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 2948 compared to those in the unburned soil. In fire-prone P. massoniana forests, wildfires may significantly influence soil physical properties, carbon, nutrients, and enzyme activity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total porosity (Pt, %), capillary porosity (Pc, %) and noncapillary porosity (Pn, %) of the soil were calculated according to Equations (6)- (8), respectively. The equations used [37,38] are given below. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Wildfire on Selected Physical, Chemical and Biochemical Soil Properties in a Pinus massoniana Forest in South China

Xue

QiuJing

Chen

2014

Forests

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“…The periods just before herbicide spraying and from herbicide spraying to controlled infiltration were characterized by an intense soil drying (negative rainfall-ETP values) without neither rainfall nor drainage, as reported in more detail in part I (Bartoli et al, 2006).…”

Section: Disc Infiltrometer Experiments and Soil Samplingmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…A mixture of 1200 g bentazone (formulated compound: Basamaïs) ha − 1 and of 1500 g isoproturon (formulated compound: isoproturée) ha − 1 was sprayed either the 10 March (sandy loam soil) or 14 March 2003 (silt loam and silty clay soils) on three cultivated topsoils differing in texture (clay content of 16.0%, 26.7% and 45.2%) but under the same climatic conditions (beginning of an exceptional drying period) and the same culture (barley), as reported in more detail in part I (Bartoli et al, 2006). Bentazone (C 10 H 12 N 2 O 3 S) is weakly acidic (pK a 3.3), with a solubility of 570 mg l − 1 in water at pH 7, 22°C, whereas isoproturon (C 12 H 18 N 2 O) is a neutral compound, with a solubility of 65 mg l − 1 in water at pH 7, 22°C (Tomlin, 1994).…”

Section: Herbicide Sprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the aim of the present series of papers to combine (i) the use of disc infiltrometer (operated at − 0.2 kPa), (ii) combined analyses of soil structure, volumetric water and volumetric concentration of herbicide carried out on horizontal soil core slices of mostly 7 mm thickness and (iii) infiltration and capillary invasion theories to assess the in situ combined early-stage transport of water (part I: Bartoli et al, 2006) and of a bentazone-isoproturon mixture (part II: this study) into dried tilled topsoils of three textures (sandy loam, silt loam and silty clay).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water and herbicide transient flow transport in field-dried topsoils during controlled infiltration

2006

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Virus Transport during Infiltration of a Wetting Front into Initially Unsaturated Sand Columns

Kenst

Perfect

Wilhelm

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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We investigated the effect of different flow conditions on the transport of bacteriophage phiX174 in Memphis aquifer sand. Virus transport associated with a wetting front moving into an initially unsaturated horizontal sand column was experimentally compared with that observed under steady-state saturated vertical flow. Results obtained by sectioning the sand columns showthattotal (retained and free) resident virus concentrations decreased approximately exponentially with the travel distance. The rate of decline was similar under both transient unsaturated flow and steady-state saturated flow conditions. Total resident virus concentrations near the inlet were an order of magnitude greater than the virus concentration of the influent solution in both experiments, indicating continuous virus sorption during flow through this zone. Virus retardation was quantified using the ratio of the centroids of the relative saturation and virus concentration versus relative distance functions. The mean retardation factors were 6.43 (coefficient of variation, CV = 14.4%) and 8.22 (CV = 8.22%) for the transient unsaturated and steady-state saturated flow experiments, respectively. Attest indicated no significant difference between these values at P < 0.05. Air-water and air-water-solid interfaces are thought to enhance virus inactivation and sorption to solid particles. The similar retardation factors obtained may be attributable to the reduced presence of these interfaces in the two flow systems investigated as compared to steady-state unsaturated flow experiments in which these interfaces occur throughout the entire column.

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Water and herbicide transient flow transport in field dried topsoils during controlled infiltration

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of a Wildfire on Selected Physical, Chemical and Biochemical Soil Properties in a Pinus massoniana Forest in South China

Effects of a Wildfire on Selected Physical, Chemical and Biochemical Soil Properties in a Pinus massoniana Forest in South China

Water and herbicide transient flow transport in field-dried topsoils during controlled infiltration

Virus Transport during Infiltration of a Wetting Front into Initially Unsaturated Sand Columns

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