Water availability in Perry County, Alabama

Reed, Philip C.; Willmon, J.R.; Jefferson, Patrick O.

doi:10.3133/ofr75482

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main aquifers used in catfish farming are the Eutaw, Gordo, and Coker formations and alluvial and terrace deposits of the Quaternary age (Causey et al 1978;Davis et al 1975;Reed et al 1972;Scott et al 1981; W a h l 1966). The Coker formation tends to be deep and has water of high salinity.…”

Section: Land Water and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Assessment of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Farming in Alabama

Boyd

Queiroz

Lee

et al. 2000

J World Aquaculture Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An environmental assessment was made of Alabama channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus farming which is concentrated in the west‐central region of the state. There are about 10,000 ha of production ponds with 10.7% of the area for fry and fingerlings and 89.3% for food fish. Food fish production was about 40,800 tons in 1997. Watershed ponds filled by rainfall and runoff make up 76% of total pond area. Water levels in many of these ponds are maintained in dry weather with well water. The other ponds are embankment ponds supplied by well water. Harvest is primarily by seine‐through procedures and ponds are not drained frequently. The main points related to Alabama catfish farming and environment issues are as follows: 1) catfish farming in Alabama is conservative of water, and excluding storm overflow, about two pond volumes are intentionally discharged from each pond in 15 yr; 2) overflow from ponds following rains occurs mostly in winter and early spring when pond water quality is good and stream discharge volume is high; 3) total suspended solids concentrations in pond effluents were high, and the main sources of total suspended solids were erosion of embankments, pond bottoms, and discharge ditches; 4) concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in effluents were not high, but annual effluent loads of these two nutrients were greater than for typical row crops in Alabama; 5) ground water use by the industry is about 86,000 m3/d, but seepage from ponds returns water to aquifers; 6) there is little use of medicated feeds; 7) copper sulfate is used to control blue‐green algae and off‐flavor in ponds, but copper is rapidly lost from pond water; 8) although sodium chloride is applied to ponds to control nitrite toxicity, stream or ground water salinization has not resulted from this practice; 9) fertilizers are applied two or three times annually to fry and fingerling ponds and occasionally to grow‐out ponds; 10) hydrated lime is applied occasionally at 50 to 100 kg/ha but this does not cause high pH in pond waters or effluents; 11) accumulated sediment removed from pond bottoms is used to repair embankments and not discarded outside ponds; 12) sampling above and below catfish pond outfalls on eight streams revealed few differences in stream water quality; 13) electricity used for pumping water and mechanical aeration is only 0.90 kW h/kg of production; 14) each metric ton of fish meal used in feeds yields about 10 tons of dressed catfish. Reduction in effluent volume through water reuse and effluent treatment in settling basins or wetlands does not appear feasible on most farms. However, some management practices are recommended for reducing the volume and improving the quality of channel catfish pond effluents.

show abstract

Section: Land Water and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Assessment of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Farming in Alabama

Boyd

Queiroz

Lee

et al. 2000

J World Aquaculture Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Water availability reports have been published for each county in the study area. These reports detailing data on geology and availability of water for the counties in the Alabama River basin were prepared by the USGS in cooperation with the Geological Survey of Alabama and include: Scott (1957Scott ( , 1960Scott ( , 1972; Ivey (1957);LaMoreaux and Toulmin (1959); Newton and others (1961); Cagle and Newton (1963); Knowles and others (1963a,b); Reed, Newton, and Scott (1967); Reed, Scott, Golden, and Avrett (1967); Causey and McCain (1971); Newton and others (1971); Causey and Newton (1972;, Scott and others (1972); Reed (1972); Reed and others (1972); Lines (1975); Causey and others (1978),; Ellard and Willmon (1980); Willmon (1980a,b,c); Scott and others (1981);and Chandler (1987).…”

Section: Previous Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed description of the diverse and complex geology of Subarea 8 is beyond the scope of this study. Descriptions of geologic formations underlying the basin may be found in Scott (1957), LaMoreaux and Toulmin (1959), Knowles and others (1963a,b), Reed (1972), Scott and others (1981), Miller (1990), andCook (1993).…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-water resources of the Alabama River Basin in Alabama; Subarea 8 of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint and Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa River Basins

Kidd¹,

Atkins²,

Scott³

1997

Open-File Report

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction 2 Purpose and scope 4 Physical setting of study area 4 Physiography 4 Climate 4 Ground-water use 6 Previous investigations 6 Well and surface-water station numbering systems 7 Approach and methods of study 7 Mean-annual baseflow analysis 8 Drought-flow analysis 10 Conceptual model of ground-water flow and stream-aquifer relations 11 Hydrologic setting 12 Ground-water system 12 Geology 13 Hydrogeology 13 Ground-water levels 19 Surface-water system 21 Ground-water discharge to streams 24 Mean-annual baseflow 24 Drought flow for 1941, 1954, and 1986 28 Ground-water utilization and general development potential 41 Summary 42 Suggestions for further study 43 Selected references 44 in VI GLOSSARY 7Q2 Minimum average stream discharge for 7 consecutive days for a 2-year recurrence interval. Alluvium Sediment transported and deposited by flowing water.

show abstract

“…Newton and others (1971) described the availability of water in Marengo County. Reed (1972) reported on the geology of Perry County, and Reed, Willmon, and Jefferson (1972) described water availability in Perry County. Davis and others (1975) reported on water availability and geology of Hale County.…”

Section: Previous Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeology and ground-water quality in the Black Belt area of west-central Alabama, and estimated water use for aquaculture, 1990

Kidd¹,

Lambeth²

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water availability in Perry County, Alabama

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental Assessment of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Farming in Alabama

Environmental Assessment of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Farming in Alabama

Ground-water resources of the Alabama River Basin in Alabama; Subarea 8 of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint and Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa River Basins

Hydrogeology and ground-water quality in the Black Belt area of west-central Alabama, and estimated water use for aquaculture, 1990

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About