Water balance components of the potential agricultural grabens along the Rift Valley in northern Ethiopia

Meaza, Hailemariam; Frankl, Amaury; Demissie, Biadgilgn; Poesen, Jean; Zenebe, Amanuel; Gebresamuel, Girmay; Asfaha, Tesfaalem-Ghebreyohannes; Annys, Sofie; Eetvelde, Veerle Van; Jacob, Miró; Deckers, Jozef; Raes, Dirk; Nyssen, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2019.100616

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This study appreciates the qualitative inquiry into flood conditions, impacts, present response and future flood hazard management practices. In the context of the study area where hydrological records are absent (Meaza et al, 2019), a qualitative inquiry becomes the sole option. Hence, this study assessed flood magnitude (depth and frequency), mitigation measures, and impacts using a local knowledge-based assessment approach in dryland ephemeral rivers in a closed basin in northern Ethiopia where the absence of gaged data is evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood hazard in a semi‐closed basin in northern Ethiopia: Impact and resilience

Demissie

Teklemariam

Haile

et al. 2021

Geography and Environment

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri butio n-NonCo mmerc ial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. The information, practices and views in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood hazard in a semi‐closed basin in northern Ethiopia: Impact and resilience

Demissie

Teklemariam

Haile

et al. 2021

Geography and Environment

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“…Based on the land cover map at 20 m of Africa 2016, grassland is the dominant land cover in the Ashenge Escarpment whereas cropland is the dominant land cover in the graben bottom (Meaza, ). In the Aba'ala graben, both the escarpment and graben bottom are dominated by shrubland (41%) (Meaza et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flood depths and rainfall depths were compared with the water EC values. The maximum flood depths were converted to this discharge using the rating curves developed by Meaza et al (, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal patterns of water salinity in the marginal grabens of Ethiopia's Danakil Depression

et al. 2019

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Rising salinity is a severe problem associated with land degradation in arid and semiarid regions. This study seeks to understand the spatiotemporal patterns of water salinity and their implication on the downstream water availability in the marginal grabens of northern Ethiopia. We measured the electrical conductivity (EC) of flash floods, baseflows, springs, wells, and lakes. A total of 1,168 samples was collected from 177 spatially distributed water sources (2016–2017). This study shows that there was a significant difference in the EC values of the water points between rainy (1,403 ± 425 μS cm−1) and dry seasons (2,261 ± 258 μS cm−1). Besides, there is an inverse relationship between the river discharges and the runoff EC in the study area. The average value of the water EC was also higher in the limestone area than in the basalt sites. In addition, the water EC increased from the escarpments (396 ± 176 μS cm−1) towards the outlets of the graben basins (1,670 ± 942 μS cm−1). These water EC hotspots in the dry season imply that the river basins are in a closing status due to the erratic rainfall and water extraction by humans. However, the rising water EC and moisture stress endanger the existing agricultural development. Because of the extent and seriousness of salinity, integrated catchment management strategies are needed to tackle the degrading water quality and quantity in the marginal grabens along the northern Ethiopia Rift Valley.

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“…Unfortunately, the study river, like other rivers in the Raya graben, does not have any historical flow gauge recording except the recent records by Meaza et al (2019). For this study, flood peak discharges were measured using a crest-stage gauge at a selected channel crosssection (abridge near the escarpment foothill) in the rainy season (July to September) of 2013 and 2014.…”

Section: Flow Discharge Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of ephemeral streams at the foot of degraded catchments in northern Ethiopia

et al. 2019

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The magnitudes of flash floods and their effect on channel width changes were investigated for Hara River in the Raya graben (northern Ethiopia). Precipitation was measured using rain gauges evenly distributed over the study catchment. Event peak discharges were measured with crest‐stage gauges at a reference cross‐section. Changes in channel width were measured at six monitoring sites along a 1.5 km long reach. Decadal channel width change was analyzed over the period 1965–2014. The average rainfall depth of the rainy days was 14.2 ± 9.4 mm whereas the highest was 41.9 mm and the lowest, capable to generate some flow in the river, was only 1.8 mm. The maximum calculated discharge peaked at 408 m3/s whereas the lowest flow was 19.5 m3/s. An average widening of 0.11 ± 0.19 m per flood (for a total of 3.74 m) was measured. The cumulative precipitation and cumulative channel widening suggest that larger and longer lasting rains have substantial influence on channel width change. A marked increase in channel width commonly accompanies 2–3 days of flood duration; it is less marked where there is riparian vegetation on the banks. The long‐term (1965, 1986, 2005, and 2010) measurements indicate that channel width increased rapidly over the last 50 years; nearly 25 m of widening. Generally, channel changes are mainly induced by the duration of floods rather than by their intensity and the data clearly show that ephemeral streams channel dynamics can be triggered also by floods much smaller than bankfull.

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Water balance components of the potential agricultural grabens along the Rift Valley in northern Ethiopia

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Flood hazard in a semi‐closed basin in northern Ethiopia: Impact and resilience

Flood hazard in a semi‐closed basin in northern Ethiopia: Impact and resilience

Spatial and temporal patterns of water salinity in the marginal grabens of Ethiopia's Danakil Depression

Dynamics of ephemeral streams at the foot of degraded catchments in northern Ethiopia

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