Water balance of basins in central Greece: Comparison with other circum-Mediterranean basins and validity of empirical methods

Soulios, George; Toubektsi, Maria; Tzevelekis, George; Ezeigbo, Haniel

doi:10.1007/bf01704662

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Moreover, various studies of rainfall (precipitation) analysis and evapotranspiration calculations (Soulios et al 1991;Voudouris 1995;Soulios 1996;Filintas 2005;Filintas 2008;Hatzopoulos and Filintas 2009), for Greece and central Greece catchments (basins) with similar conditions as those of the present study region, revealed that, the variability of evapotranspiration was 70.1-82.8% of the average annual amount of precipitation. So, only a 17.2-29.9% of the precipitation is really contributing to the water budget of the area.…”

Section: Available Water Resources Precipitation Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…c Topographical map (contours and elevation), with the sampling points (springs and boreholes), the catchment boundaries, the hydrographic network and towns and villages of the study area deposits and in the neogene sediments amounts about 14 and 7% of precipitation that fall in their surface respectively (Kallergis 1970;Soulios et al 1991;Voudouris 1995;Soulios 1996).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Coutagne (1954a, b) calculates the annual evapotranspiration (E) and is based on average annual values of precipitation (P) and air temperature (T) or the corrected air temperature (T c ); the method has certain limits for T and P outside of which it is no longer valid. In the present study it was used the corrected air temperature T c (Soulios et al 1991;Filintas 2005), the calculations were inside the method limitations and the mean annual evapotranspiration E was found to be 415.03 mm (80.7% of precipitation).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2c) and also the annual evapotranspiration E of each catchment (Filintas 2005;Filintas 2008) were calculated (Table 2). For the Coutagne method (1954a, b) application, it was used the corrected air temperature T c (Soulios et al 1991;Filintas 2005), the calculations were found to be inside the method limitations and the mean annual evapotranspiration E was found to be 415.03 mm (80.7% of precipitation). The utilization of corrected air temperature gives more satisfactory results equally to this method in Central Greece prevailing conditions according to various researchers (Soulios et al 1991;Voudouris 1995;Soulios 1996;Filintas 2005) and that was the reason of applying the corrected air temperature T c .…”

Section: Available Water Resources Precipitation Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater quality, nitrate pollution and irrigation environmental management in the Neogene sediments of an agricultural region in central Thessaly (Greece)

et al. 2011

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The degradation of groundwater quality, which has been noted in the recent years, is closely connected to the intensification of agriculture, the unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers and the excess consumption of large volumes of irrigation water. In the hilly region of central Thessaly in Greece, which suffers the consequences of intense agricultural use, a hydrogeological study is carried out, taking groundwater samples from springs and boreholes in the Neogene aquifers. The aim of this study is the investigation of irrigation management, water quality and suitability for various uses (water supply, irrigation), the degradation degree and the spatial distribution of pollutants using GIS. The following hydrochemical types prevail in the groundwater of the study area: Ca-Mg-HCO 3 , Mg-CaNa-HCO 3 and Na-HCO 3 . In the above shallow aquifers, especially high values of NO 3 -(31.7-299.0), NH 4 ? (0.12-1.11), NO 2 -(0.018-0.109), PO 4 3-(0.07-0.55), SO 4 2-(47.5-146.5) and Cl -(24.8-146.5) are found, particularly near inhabited areas (values are in mg L -1 ). The water of shallow aquifers is considered unsuitable for human use due to their high polluting load, while the water of the deeper aquifers is suitable for human consumption.Regarding water suitability for irrigation, the evaluation of SAR (0.153-7.397) and EC (481-1,680 lS cm -1 ) resulted in classification category 'C3S1', indicating high salinity and low sodium water which can be used for irrigation in most soils and crops with little to medium danger of development of exchangeable sodium and salinity. The statistical data analysis, the factor analysis and the GIS application have brought out the vulnerable-problematic zones in chemical compounds of nitrogen and phosphates. The groundwater quality degradation is localized and related exclusively to human activities. Based on 2005 and 2008 estimates, the annual safe yield of the region's aquifers were nearly 41.95 MCM. However, the existing situation is that 6.37 MCM of water is over extracted from these aquifers.

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Section: Available Water Resources Precipitation Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Available Water Resources Precipitation Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater quality, nitrate pollution and irrigation environmental management in the Neogene sediments of an agricultural region in central Thessaly (Greece)

et al. 2011

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“…The water balance of basins constitutes a matter of fundamental importance in hydrogeological and hydrological research and has engaged the scientists for many decades [1]. Water balance models were first developed and applied in the 1940s and 1950s by Thornthwaite [2] and Thornthwaite and Mather [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water balance model of the Natura 2000 protected area “Nestos delta”

Myronidis¹,

Emmanouloudis²

2008

JESTR

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The purpose of this paper is to develop the water balance of the Natura 2000 protected area "Nestos delta" on a monthly time step. The most significant ecosystem of the delta is the aquatic forest (dominated by Salix alba and Populus alba) which remains along the river course near the mount and the poplar plantation. During the last decade two large dams have been constructed upstream of the study area for hydropower generation and irrigation, resulting in the dramatic modification of the hydrologic regime of the site. The research is based on the analysis of the available geographical and hydrological data of the study area for the period . Through the integration of Geographical Information Systems (G.I.S.) and computational hydrology techniques, the water balance of the study area is constructed and the need of decision making has raised in order to prevent further deterioration of the unique aquatic forest.

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Analysis of Hydrometeorological Characteristics and Water Demand in Semi-Arid Mediterranean Catchments under Water Deficit Conditions

Stathi

Kastridis

Myronidis

2023

Climate

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Drought is one of the most complex and poorly understood catastrophes on the planet. Between the Greek mainland and Turkey, there is an area of Greece known as the South Aegean Islands, that experiences water supply issues. As a result, there are issues related to the socioeconomic growth of some of these islands, and the need for water transportation by water vessels. Water transportation by ships to the Cyclades and Dodecanese areas from the mainland or other adjacent islands to satisfy urgent demands, on the other hand, is exceptionally expensive. The situation deteriorates during the summer, when drinking water needs can reach five times the norm, due to the heavy tourist season. Given these conditions, the aim of this research is to estimate hydrometeorological conditions, calculate the water balance, and determine water needs in three southern Aegean islands (Mykonos, Naxos, and Kos), where there is a water shortage, particularly during the summer months when tourism activity is at its peak. The modified Thornthwaite–Mather monthly hydrological balance model was applied to determine the water balance. Various water use datasets (drinking water, irrigation, water transportation) were employed to quantify the water demands in the three islands. According to the results, the available water (runoff + infiltration) seems to be more than sufficient to meet the needs of the islands of Naxos and Kos, since it far exceeds the increased needs of the islands. Yet, it appears that in Mykonos, where the water resources have been nearly entirely utilized, the available water, is just enough to meet the water needs. It is evident that all three islands present significant sources of available water, which could meet the growing needs of the residents. However, the absence of the necessary water exploitation projects, mainly concerning the surface runoff, has contributed to the intense water supply problems of the islands. The importance of the water harvesting projects becomes even more urgent under the conditions of climate change, with the decrease in annual rainfall likely to be a highly possible scenario, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Water balance of basins in central Greece: Comparison with other circum-Mediterranean basins and validity of empirical methods

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Groundwater quality, nitrate pollution and irrigation environmental management in the Neogene sediments of an agricultural region in central Thessaly (Greece)

Groundwater quality, nitrate pollution and irrigation environmental management in the Neogene sediments of an agricultural region in central Thessaly (Greece)

A water balance model of the Natura 2000 protected area “Nestos delta”

Analysis of Hydrometeorological Characteristics and Water Demand in Semi-Arid Mediterranean Catchments under Water Deficit Conditions

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