Water-based silica coatings: An environmentally friendly process on an industrial scale of single-layer anti-reflective coatings for large substrates

Facile preparation of a water-based antireflective SiO2 film with high transmittance for perovskite solar cells

“…This is attributed to the increased light absorption with increasing film thickness, resulting in a red-shift phenomenon. 29 According to the Fresnel reflection principle, the reflection ( R ) of the monolayer film can be presented by formula (4) when the incident sunlight falls perpendicularly: 36–38 R = ( n c 2 − n 0 n 1 ) 2 /( n c 2 + n 0 n 1 ) 2 n c = ( n 0 n 1 ) 1/2 d = λ /4 n where n c , n 0 ( n 0 = 1) and n 1 ( n 1 = 1.51) are the refractive indices of the monolayer film, air, and glass, respectively. Here, d is the thickness of the film.…”

“…This is attributed to the increased light absorption with increasing film thickness, resulting in a red-shift phenomenon. 29 According to the Fresnel reflection principle, the reflection (R) of the monolayer film can be presented by formula (4) when the incident sunlight falls perpendicularly: [36][37][38]…”

A Selective Review of Ceramic, Glass and Glass–Ceramic Protective Coatings: General Properties and Specific Characteristics for Solar Cell Applications

“…Another highly effective SiO 2 -based coating was deposited by Kócs et al, although this was a single-layer coating [152]. The transparency of this coating was high and the reflectivity was low, but no mention was made of a self-cleaning effect or hydrophobicity.…”