Water bears (Phylum Tardigrada) of Oceania, with the description of a new species of<i>Milnesium</i>

Meyer, HA

doi:10.1080/03014223.2015.1062402

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Data on body length ranges and taxonomic traits used for the construction of the diagnostic key to the genus were extracted from original descriptions and redescriptions of all known Milnesium species and subspecies described up to the end of 2015 (i.e. Doyère, 1840;Ehrenberg, 1853;Nederström, 1919;Rahm, 1931;Binda and Pilato, 1990;Maucci, 1991;Pilato and Binda, 1991;Pilato et al, 2002;Yang, 2003;Kaczmarek et al, 2004;Tumanov, 2006;Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2007;Wallendorf and Miller, 2009;Meyer andHinton, 2010, 2012;Michalczyk et al, 2012a;Meyer et al, 2013;Bartels et al, 2014;Ciobanu et al, 2014;Ciobanu et al, 2015;Londoño et al, 2015;Meyer, 2015;Roszkowska et al, 2015).…”

Section: Literature Review and Comparative Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

Morek

Gąsiorek

Stec

et al. 2016

CTOZ

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Key words: barcoding, diagnostic key, development tracking, in vitro culture, M. berladnicorum, M. variefidum sp. nov. AbstractIn this paper we describe a new apochelan species, Milnesium variefidum sp. nov. from Scotland and provide novel morphological and molecular data for Milnesium berladnicorum Ciobanu et al., 2014. The new species differs from the most similar M. berladnicorum by the presence of developmental dimorphism in claw configuration, absent or weakly developed cuticular bars under claws I-III, a different arrangement of cuticular pseudoplates, and by differences in the sequences of three nuclear DNA fragments: 18S rRNA (p-distance: 0.6%), 28S rRNA (2.0%), ITS-2 (9.3%), and on mitochondrial gene COI (12.4%). Although ontogenetic claw configuration change was suspected to occur in some Milnesium species, we are the first to document it through the combined use of traditional, molecular and experimental methodologies. We discuss the implications of the observed phenomenon for the taxonomy of the genus and propose a new diagnostic key to all Milnesium species described up to the end of 2015. We also review other traits used for species differentiation in the genus and offer recommendations to improve the quality of future descriptions as well as suggest a need for integrative redescriptions of the known species. Finally, we propose to suppress M. dujiangensis and M. tardigradum trispinosum and suggest that M. alpigenum and M. quadrifidum are valid species that require thorough redescriptions.

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Section: Literature Review and Comparative Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

Morek

Gąsiorek

Stec

et al. 2016

CTOZ

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“…The revision encouraged many new records and species descriptions from various localities throughout the world (e.g. Kaczmarek, Jakubowska & Michalczyk, ; Kaczmarek et al ., ; Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & McInnes, , ; Kaczmarek et al ., ; Meyer & Hinton, ; Johansson et al ., ; Hinton et al ., ; Meyer, Hinton & Dupré, ; Meyer, Domingue & Hinton, ; Shaw & Miller, ; Trygvadóttir & Kristensen, ; Bartels et al ., ; Ciobanu et al ., , b; Lisi, Londoño & Quiroga, ; Zawierucha et al ., ; Melo et al ., ; Ciobanu, Roszkowska & Kaczmarek, ; Londoño et al ., ; Meyer, ). The latest revision of the genus, with an updated diagnostic key and with the first tardigrade species description enhanced by developmental information, was performed by Morek et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is the gut content ofMilnesium(Eutardigrada) related to buccal tube size?

et al. 2016

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Milnesium, with its relatively short and wide buccal tube, is considered carnivorous. Species in this genus exhibit differences in buccal tube length, standard buccal tube width, and the buccal tube length/width ratio. To determine whether buccal tube size is correlated with the type of prey,~4000 specimens of various Milnesium species were examined. Among those with identifiable gut contents,~97% contained tardigrades, rotifers, or both, whereas only~3% contained nematodes or amoebas. In total, 189 females with guts containing only tardigrades, only rotifers, or both were analysed with general linear model multivariate analysis. Milnesium specimens containing only tardigrade remnants were larger and had longer and wider buccal tubes than those containing only rotifers. Those with only tardigrades in the gut also had a significantly lower buccal tube length to width ratio than those with only rotifers in the gut. Specimens with a mixed diet (rotifers and tardigrades) had intermediate values of buccal tube width and length, and these differed significantly from individuals containing rotifers or tardigrades only. Variation in buccal tube dimensions was linked with interspecific and age (size)related factors, and differences in buccal tube dimensions associated with gut content remained significant, even when the analysis was controlled for the interspecific variation. No evidence of cannibalism was observed.

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“…4. Milnesium shilohae , only reported from the type locality in Hawaii (USA) (Meyer 2015) by: presence of pseudopores on dorsal cuticle, presence of similar in length spurs on internal and external claws (internal and posterior spurs larger than external and anterior spurs in Mil. shilohae ), slightly longer lateral papillae (9.4–10.7 in new species vs. 5.0–9.0 in Mil. shilohae ), slightly longer buccal tube (51.3–62.5 in new species vs. 38.4–50.3 in Mil. shilohae ), stylet supports inserted in a more anterior position ( pt = 66.1–69.4 in new species vs. pt = 75.5–77.5 in Mil. shilohae ) and larger spurs on some external and anterior claws (see Table 4 below and Table 3 in Meyer (2015) for the exact differences in claw dimensions).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species were identified using the key in Morek et al (2016) and other original descriptions/re-descriptions (Nederström 1919; Maucci 1991; Bartels et al 2014; Meyer 2015; Roszkowska et al 2015; Pilato et al 2016), or based on direct examination of fixed specimens (holotype and paratypes of Mil. bohleberi and specimens of Mil. eurystomum from Spitsbergen, Department of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland). Tardigrade taxonomy follows Marley et al (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new species of the genus Milnesium Doyère, 1840 (Tardigrada, Apochela, Milnesiidae) from Madagascar

Kaczmarek¹,

Grobys²,

Kulpa³

et al. 2019

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The knowledge of the diversity and distribution of tardigrades on Madagascar is rather poor. To date, only 13 tardigrade taxa have been reported from this region (including one Milnesium species). We examined 46 specimens belonging to two new-to-science species of the genus Milnesium described herein using an integrative approach, including classical morphology and molecular marker (COI, ITS-2 and 28S rRNA) analysis. The species were found in two moss and lichen samples collected in the Ivohibory forest in Fianarantsoa Province. Milnesium matheusisp. nov., with claw configuration [3-3]–[3-3] and rather wide buccal tube, morphologically is most similar to: Mil. beatae Roszkowska, Ostrowska & Kaczmarek, 2015, Mil. bohleberi Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2014, Mil. eurystomum Maucci, 1991, Mil. shilohae Meyer, 2015 and Mil. tumanovi Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2016; however, it differs from these by morphometric characteristics. Milnesium wrightaesp. nov., by the presence of four points on secondary branches of claws IV, is most similar to Mil. quadrifidum Nederström, 1919. However, Mil. wrightaesp. nov. differs from Mil. quadrifidum by claw configuration ([4-4]–[4-4] in Mil. quadrifidum vs. [3-3]–[4-4] in Mil. wrightaesp. nov.), but also by the position of the fourth points on secondary branches of claws IV, which are located near the base of the claw in the new species and near the top of the claw in Mil. quadrifidum. Genotypic analysis showed that Mil. matheusisp. nov. is most similar to Milnesium sp. (28S rRNA), Mil. variefidum (COI) and Mil. t. tardigradum (ITS-2) while Mil. wrightaesp. nov. is most similar to Milnesium sp. (28S rRNA), Mil. variefidum (COI) and Mil. matheusi (ITS-2). Five Milnesium taxa are recorded from the African region, including the two new species from Madagascar reported in this study.

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Water bears (Phylum Tardigrada) of Oceania, with the description of a new species ofMilnesium

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

Is the gut content ofMilnesium(Eutardigrada) related to buccal tube size?

Two new species of the genus Milnesium Doyère, 1840 (Tardigrada, Apochela, Milnesiidae) from Madagascar

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