Water-Binding Solid Scintillators: Synthesis, Emission Properties, and Tests in3H and14C Counting

Meyer, Hans-Joachim; Wolff, Thomas

doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20000804)6:15<2809::aid-chem2809>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2.1.7. General procedure for preparation of hexamethylene tetramine substituted ruthenium complexes (B and C, with D-C as example) [20] Hexamethylene tetramine (8 mg, 0.05 mmol) and D-8 hexafluorophoshate (10 mg, 0.01 mmol) were suspended in 2 mL mixed solvent acetonitrile: chloroform 3:1 and stirred for 30 h at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, the solid residue washed with CHCl 3 (3 Â 10 mL) to remove the excess of hexamethylene tetramine and dried in vacuo to give a redorange powder as the hexafluorophoshate salt of D-C. (10 mg, 90%) The chloride salt of D-C was obtained by precipitation with tetran-butyl ammonium chloride in acetone solution, isolated by filtration and washed with acetone (3 Â 10 mL).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Compound 5-bromo-benzomentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and DNA threading properties of quaternary ammonium [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ derivatives

Lincoln

2009

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

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Section: Synthesis Of Compound 5-bromo-benzomentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and DNA threading properties of quaternary ammonium [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ derivatives

Lincoln

2009

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

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“…Previously, reactions of silyl enol ethers with stoichiometric amounts of Mn V (N) complexes and excess (CF 3 CO) 2 O [4, 30a] and photo‐induced stoichiometric amination of silyl enol ethers with N ‐acyl iminoiodinanes ArI=NCOCF 3 [30b] both gave α‐( N ‐COCF 3 amino) ketones, instead of α‐( N ‐arylcarbonyl amino) ketones 8 . The stoichiometric reaction of 4‐chlorobenzoyl chloride with 1‐(2‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐ethyl) ammonium chloride furnished 8 ad in 78.5 % yield, [31a] and photolysis of N 3 CH 2 COC 6 H 4 ‐ p ‐Cl produced 8 bd in 30 % yield [31b] (cf. product yields by [Ru IV (TTP)Cl 2 ]/N 3 COR: 79 % for 8 ad , 81 % for 8 bd ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ru^V‐Acylimido Intermediate in [Ru^IV(Por)Cl₂]‐Catalyzed C–N Bond Formation: Spectroscopic Characterization, Reactivity, and Catalytic Reactions

Hong

Liu

et al. 2021

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Metal-catalyzed CÀNb ond formation reactions via acylnitrene transfer have recently attracted muchattention, but direct detection of the proposed acylnitrenoid/acylimido M-(NCOR) (R = aryl or alkyl) species in these reactions poses af ormidable challenge.H erein, we report on Ru(NCOR) intermediates in CÀNb ond formation catalyzed by [Ru IV -(Por)Cl 2 ]/N 3 COR, ac atalytic method applicable to aziridine/ oxazoline formation from alkenes,a mination of substituted indoles, a-amino ketone formation from silyl enol ethers, amination of C(sp 3 ) À Hbonds,and functionalization of natural products and carbohydrate derivatives (up to 99 %y ield). Experimental studies,i ncluding HR-ESI-MS and EPR measurements,coupled with DFT calculations,lend evidence for the formulation of the Ru(NCOR) acylnitrenoids as aR u V -imido species.

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“…Chemicals and solvents needed were taken from stocks of the Chemistry Department of the Technische Universit‰t Dresden or purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Acros, Merck, Baker, and Lancaster, or provided by Packard Instrument BV, Groningen. 4-[4-(5-Phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzyl]bromide was available from a previous investigation [24]. l-Phenylalanine (ring-2,6 3 H and UL-14 C) was purchased from Sigma.…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along with a fair fluorescence quantum yield of 0.94 (in cyclohexane), this feature qualified the compound for this study. Compound 1 was prepared by the reaction of 4-(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzyl bromide [24] with morpholine. The low solubility in pure H 2 O (4.5 ¥ 10 À5 mol/dm 3 ) promotes solubilization among the hydrotrope molecules in the systems studied here.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Aqueous Systems for Liquid Scintillation Counting: Use of Hydrotropes

Meyer

Hoffmann

Wolff

2001

HCA

Self Cite

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Dedicated to Professor Andre¬ M. Braun on the occasion of his 60th birthday Liquid hydrotropic systems, i.e., mixtures of hydrotropes and water-forming hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, allow the solubilization of organic scintillators in essentially aqueous media. Such systems were applied to liquid scintillation counting with 4-[4-(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzyl]morpholine as scintillator, a 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) derivative that proved well-soluble in acidic hydrotrope systems. Its fluorescence properties were studied. Phenylalanine labeled with 3 H or 14 C was used to test counting. While 14 C counting worked acceptably, 3 H counting was comparatively inefficient, probably due to the short lifetime of b-particles in aqueous environments.Introduction. ± The conversion of the energy of b-particles (emitted upon radioactive decay of unstable isotopes) to a corresponding number of fluorescence quanta is known as scintillation. Through collisions, the particles promote nearby atoms or molecules to electronically excited states capable of emitting fluorescence. The number of excited states generated depends on the energy of the b-particles, i.e., on the decaying isotope. Since its first description, the phenomenon of scintillation was readily exploited for detection, counting, and identification of radioactive radiation [1]. Meanwhile common is the use of solid scintillator systems, such as inorganic materials like thallium-doped NaI [2 ± 4], cerium-doped yttrium silicate [5 ± 7], solid noble gases [8], and organic materials like 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)phenol in polystyrene [9], 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) and 1,4-bis(2-methylstyryl)benzene (bis-MSB) in paraffin [10] [11]. Liquid scintillation systems such as PPO and 1,4-bis(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene (POPOP) in aromatic organic solvents [12 ± 14] are used as well. The latter systems commonly contain surfactants in order to form microemulsions, when water has to be taken up that is present in biological and medical samples containing radioactively marked substances in aqueous solution.In this method (called liquid scintillation counting, LSC), b-particles initially produce excited solvent molecules (e.g., benzene, toluene, liquid naphthalene derivatives), the excitation energy of which is transferred to (primary and secondary) scintillators, which then emit fluorescence pulses. LSC is superior in the detection of weak b-radiation from 3 H (tritium) or 14 C decays. Liquid scintillation counters and a great number of suitable scintillator solutions (cocktails) are commercially available. Although developed to almost perfect performance, there is one drawback of this technique, which results from the necessity of treating the waste, i.e., weakly radioactive organic liquids are left, whose disposal is problematic.

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Water-Binding Solid Scintillators: Synthesis, Emission Properties, and Tests in3H and14C Counting

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Synthesis and DNA threading properties of quaternary ammonium [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ derivatives

Synthesis and DNA threading properties of quaternary ammonium [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ derivatives

Ru^V‐Acylimido Intermediate in [Ru^IV(Por)Cl₂]‐Catalyzed C–N Bond Formation: Spectroscopic Characterization, Reactivity, and Catalytic Reactions

Aqueous Systems for Liquid Scintillation Counting: Use of Hydrotropes

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Water-Binding Solid Scintillators: Synthesis, Emission Properties, and Tests in3H and14C Counting

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Synthesis and DNA threading properties of quaternary ammonium [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ derivatives

Synthesis and DNA threading properties of quaternary ammonium [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ derivatives

RuV‐Acylimido Intermediate in [RuIV(Por)Cl2]‐Catalyzed C–N Bond Formation: Spectroscopic Characterization, Reactivity, and Catalytic Reactions

Aqueous Systems for Liquid Scintillation Counting: Use of Hydrotropes

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Ru^V‐Acylimido Intermediate in [Ru^IV(Por)Cl₂]‐Catalyzed C–N Bond Formation: Spectroscopic Characterization, Reactivity, and Catalytic Reactions