Water bodies changes in Tigris and Euphrates basin has impacted dust storms phenomena

Boloorani, Ali Darvishi; Papi, Ramin; Soleimani, Masoud; Karami, Leyla; Amiri, Fazel; Samany‬, Najmeh Neysani

doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100698

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 82 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As previously discussed, the EMME region would be highly impacted by climate change increase in temperature and changes in precipitation. These scenarios imply increased evapotranspiration, freshwater shortage, and expansion of desert areas due to desiccation of ephemeral water bodies (Ahmady‐Birgani et al., 2020; Darvishi Boloorani et al., 2021; Rashki et al., 2017). This will likely increase dust emissions, as the dried lake beds lying in topographically low basins are highly susceptible to aeolian erosion.…”

Section: Special Topicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Weather Extremes in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East

Zittis

Almazroui

Alpert

et al. 2022

Reviews of Geophysics

274

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

 The Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East region is warming almost two times faster than the global average and more rapidly than other inhabited parts of the world. Climate projections indicate a future warming that is particularly strong in the summer, associated with unprecedented heat extremes. Total precipitation will likely decrease in many regions, particularly in the eastern Mediterranean. Virtually all socio-economic sectors will be critically affected by the projected changes.

show abstract

Section: Special Topicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Weather Extremes in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East

Zittis

Almazroui

Alpert

et al. 2022

Reviews of Geophysics

274

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, MACC-ECMWF, NOA-WRF-Chem, BSC_DREAM8b and DREAM8-MACC models exhibited greater similarity with MODIS regarding the spatial distribution of AOD. Among these models, the BSC_DREAM8b_V2 underestimated the AOD values especially over Saudi Arabia but showed a closed center of dust mass in northern Iraq, which was related to surface low pressure and originated from arid regions around Tharthar Lake [32]. The failure of some models to identify this closed dust center could be likely attributed to underestimation of wind speed and dynamic processes around the low-pressure center that triggered the cyclonic dust storm.…”

Section: Cyclonic Dust Stormsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Huneeus et al [28], based on global model ensemble simulations, estimated the global dust emissions to about 500-4000 (Tg yr −1 ), of which 400-2200 (Tg yr −1 ) is related to North Africa and 26-526 (Tg yr −1 ) is emitted from the Middle East. Many studies have been conducted to identify dust sources in the Middle East, mainly across the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Egypt, Iraq and Iran [29][30][31][32]. Moridnejad et al [33] used MODIS images of 70 dust storms that occurred between 2001 and 2012 to develop a new map of the main dust sources in the Middle East.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Nine Operational Models in Forecasting Different Types of Synoptic Dust Events in the Middle East

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates four types of synoptic dust events in the Middle East region, including cyclonic, pre-frontal, post-frontal and Shamal dust storms. For each of these types, three intense and pervasive dust events are analyzed from a synoptic meteorological and numerical simulation perspective. The performance of 9 operational dust models in forecasting these dust events in the Middle East is qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated against Terra-MODIS observations and AERONET measurements during the dust events. The comparison of model AOD outputs with Terra-MODIS retrievals reveals that despite the significant discrepancies, all models have a relatively acceptable performance in forecasting the AOD patterns in the Middle East. The models enable to represent the high AODs along the dust plumes, although they underestimate them, especially for cyclonic dust storms. In general, the outputs of the NASA-GEOS and DREAM8-MACC models present greater similarity with the satellite and AERONET observations in most of the cases, also exhibiting the highest correlation coefficient, although it is difficult to introduce a single model as the best for all cases. Model AOD predictions over the AERONET stations showed that DREAM8-MACC exhibited the highest R2 of 0.78, followed by NASA_GEOS model (R2 = 0.74), which both initially use MODIS data assimilation. Although the outputs of all models correspond to valid time more than 24 h after the initial time, the effect of data assimilation on increasing the accuracy is important. The different dust emission schemes, soil and vegetation mapping, initial and boundary meteorological conditions and spatial resolution between the models, are the main factors influencing the differences in forecasting the dust AODs in the Middle East.

show abstract

“…Dust particles are one of the most important atmospheric pollutants, with multiple effects on air quality [1][2][3], radiative forcing and climate [4][5][6][7], cloud condensation nuclei and the hydrological cycle [5], atmospheric and environmental processes [8][9][10], snow cover and melting glaciers [11,12], ecosystems [13], and human life and welfare [14][15][16]. Desert areas are the main global dust sources [17], while dried lake beds in the continental interior may also significantly contribute to local and regional dust emissions [18][19][20][21]. Due to climate change, intense human intervention, and improper operation and management, many wetlands have been transformed into dry lake beds and dust sources in the last two decades [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Wind Simulations over Dried Lake Beds for Dust Emissions in the Middle East

Hamzeh,

Abadi,

Kaskaoutis

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dust storms are one of the major environmental hazards affecting the Middle East countries, and largely originate in vast deserts and narrow dried lake beds. This study analyzes the inter-annual variation in dust weather conditions from 2000 to 2020 using data obtained from ten meteorological stations located around dried (completely or partly) lakes in Northwest (Urmia Lake) and South (Bakhtegan Lake) Iran. Since the wind regime is one of the most important factors controlling dust emissions in the dust source areas, wind speed simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model for 134,113 grid points covering the Middle East area, with a resolution of 5 km, were analyzed and compared with wind measurements at the stations around Urmia and Bakhtegan Lakes from 2005 to 2015. The analysis shows that the annual number of dust days was highly variable, presenting a significant increase at the stations around Urmia Lake during 2008–2011 and at the stations around Bakhtegan Lake in 2007–2012. Eleven years of WRF simulations of the mean diurnal wind patterns revealed that the highest 10 m wind speed occurred mostly around the local noon (12 to 15 UTC), generally coinciding with the majority of the reported dust codes within this time frame, as a result of the association between wind speed and dust emissions (dust weather conditions) around these lake basins. Consequently, accurate wind simulation has high importance for unbiased numerical prediction and forecasting of dust conditions. The comparison between the measured mean monthly 10 m wind speed and WRF-simulated 10 m wind speed revealed that the model overestimated wind data in all the stations around the Bakhtegan Lake but performed better at reconstructing the wind speeds at stations around Urmia Lake. Furthermore, notable differences were observed between measured and simulated wind directions, thus leading to uncertainties in the simulations of the dust-plume transport.

show abstract

Water bodies changes in Tigris and Euphrates basin has impacted dust storms phenomena

Cited by 40 publications

References 82 publications

Climate Change and Weather Extremes in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East

Climate Change and Weather Extremes in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East

Evaluation of Nine Operational Models in Forecasting Different Types of Synoptic Dust Events in the Middle East

The Importance of Wind Simulations over Dried Lake Beds for Dust Emissions in the Middle East

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About