Water Collection from Air Humidity in Bahrain

Abstract

The Kingdom of Bahrain falls geographically in one of the driest regions in the world. Conventional fresh surface water bodies, such as rivers and lakes, are nonexistent and for water consumption, Bahrain prominently relies on the desalination of sea water. This paper presents an ongoing project that is being pursued by a group of student and their advising professors to investigate the viability of extracting water from air humidity. Dehumidifiers have been utilized as water extraction devices. Those devices have been distributed on six areas that were selected based on a rigorous geospatial modeling of historical meteorological data. The areas fall in residential and industrial neighborhoods that are located in the main island and the island of Muharraq. Water samples have been collected three times every week since May of 2016 and the collection process will continue until May of 2017. The collected water samples have been analyzed against numerous variables individually and in combinations including: amount of water collected per hour versus geographical location, amount of water collected per hour versus meteorological factors, suitability of collected water for potable human consumption, detection of air pollution in the areas of collection and the economy of this method of water collection in comparison to other nonconventional methods. An overview of the completed analysis results is presented in this paper.

Potential of harvesting water from fog and dew water over semi-arid and arid regions in Syria

“…While, polypropylene double mesh with SC 35% per layer, which coated with silicone and silica coatings layer, showed 40% better results in collecting non-rainfall water yield than all other types. This is consistent with numerous previous studies which recommended the use of double meshes with SC 35% (Eissa 2013;Davis et al 2016;Dahman et al 2017). Double mesh with large SC 50%, 60%, has lowest water yield.…”

“…The estimated air content of the water WH is the amount of water that can accumulate in litres in 24 hours. The requirement for calculating this content is that the relative humidity (RH) is above 69%, then it calculated by Equation (4) (Dahman et al 2017): WH: estimation of the amount of water likely to be collected in litres. AH: absolute humidity.…”

“…)(Davis et al 2016;Dahman et al 2017): Absolute humidity. T: Air temperature, RH: Relative humidity.…”

“…Relative humidity differs from absolute humidity in that the relative humidity RH, by definition, is the ratio of the current content of a unit of air volume of water to the air content of water at the saturation at the same temperature and air pressure. By definition, absolute humidity AH is the weight of water vapor present in an air volume of one unit(Dahman et al 2017). The relationship between T, dew point T d and RH was calculated using Equation (3)(Ngaina et al 2014;Davis et al 2016):…”

Towards sustainable landscape irrigation using novel design of water collecting systems from atmospheric humidity condensation

“…In different regions researchers developed projects and devices with targeting on harvesting water from air humidity, these devices use the universal principle of densi cation. Dehumidi ers utilized as water extraction devices distributed on different areas in Bahrain con rmed the economy of this method of water collection in comparison to other nonconventional methods [3] (Nidal A. Dahman et Al. 2017).…”