Water Content Measured by Proton-Deuteron Exchange NMR Predicts Bone Mineral Density and Mechanical Properties

Fernández‐Seara, María A.; Wehrli, Suzanne; Takahashi, Masaya; Wehrli, Félix W.

doi:10.1359/jbmr.0301227

Cited by 101 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While both NMR and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used to characterize bone in a number of studies [40,45,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56], the present work is the first to quantify water distribution in bone for two age groups. A previous study had actually characterized water distribution in dentin samples from a 20 year, 35 year, and 50 year old donor [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the use of magnetic resonance to characterize mechanical properties is not entirely new. One previous study investigated connections between architectural indices of trabecular bone (as determined by MRI) and bone strength [54], while another related water content (as determined by NMR-derived diffusion characteristics of exchangeable water) to bone density and strength in an animal model of hypomineralization [49]. MRI studies of bone have been focused on assessing the structure or architecture of trabecular and cortical bone (see review by Wehrli for details [57]), but recently, water volume fraction in the mid-shaft of human tibiae was quantified by analyzing T 2 protons with a 3 Tesla, clinical MRI scanner [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 18 male donors had no known bone disease. Based on donor age, the femurs were divided into two groups: middle aged included 8 ages of 47,49,49,51,55,57,59, and 59 years, while the elderly included 10 ages of 67, 69, 76, 76, 77, 77, 79, 79, 81, and 87 years. Cut from the medial quadrant of each mid-diaphysis, a longitudinal strip of bone was machined, while maintaining hydration, into a standard paralellelepiped specimen such that the osteons ran in the direction of the long axis.…”

Section: Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of mobile and bound water by nuclear magnetic resonance correlate with mechanical properties of bone

Nyman

Nicolella

et al. 2008

Bone

180

189

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Since clinical measures of bone mineral density do not necessarily predict whether a person will fracture a bone without an intervention, there is a need to find supplementary tools for assessing bone quality. Presently, we hypothesized that measures of mobile and bound water by a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique are correlated with bone strength and toughness, respectively. To test this, bending specimens from the mid-diaphysis of 18 human femurs were collected from 18 male donors and divided into middle aged and elderly groups. After NMR measurements of each hydrated specimen, an inversion technique was used to convert the free induction decay data into a distribution of spin-spin (T2) relaxation rates. Then, the distribution resolved into three distinct components that likely represent solid hydrogen, water bound to bone tissue, and mobile water that occupy microscopic pores within the bone specimen. The integrated signal intensities of the bound and mobile components were normalized by the wet mass of the specimen. Following NMR measurements, three point bending tests were conducted to determine the modulus of elasticity, flexure strength, and work to fracture of each specimen. Next, the porosity, mineral-to-collagen ratio, and pentosidine concentration were measured. In this sample of human cortical bone, there was no age-related difference in the amount of mobile water, but the decrease in the amount of bound water with increasing age was statistically significant. Moreover, bound water was associated with both strength and work to fracture of bone, while mobile water was correlated with modulus of elasticity and appeared to quantify the level of microscopic pores within bone. On the other hand, bound water was correlated with the concentration of non-enzymatic collagen crosslinks. The results of this study indicate that quantifying mobile and bound water with magnetic resonance techniques could potentially serve as indicators of bone quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of mobile and bound water by nuclear magnetic resonance correlate with mechanical properties of bone

Nyman

Nicolella

et al. 2008

Bone

180

189

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“…Eligible volunteers included 20-80-year-old healthy adults. Exclusion criteria included volunteers with non-MR imaging compatible implants or cerebral aneurysm clips; volunteers who may have had shrapnel embedded in their bodies; volunteers younger than 20 years of age; pregnant women; and volunteers including yield stress, peak stress, and elastic toughness (18)(19)(20). Bone specimens with a greater concentration of bound water tend to have high peak and yield stress values and elastic toughness, whereas specimens with a greater concentration of pore water are generally associated with higher porosity and lower peak stress, yield stress, and toughness.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods have no ionizing radiation and allow for new quantitative measurements that are known to reflect the material properties of bone (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Technical Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Quantitative MR Imaging of Bound and Pore Water in Cortical Bone

Manhard¹,

Horch²,

Gochberg³

et al. 2015

Radiology

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).q RSNA, 2015 Purpose:To translate and evaluate an in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol for quantitative mapping of collagen-bound and pore water concentrations in cortical bone that involves relaxation-selective ultrashort echo time (UTE) methods. Materials and Methods:All HIPAA-compliant studies were performed with institutional review board approval and written informed consent. UTE imaging sequences were implemented on a clinical 3.0-T MR imaging unit and were used for in vivo imaging of bound and pore water in cortical bone. Images of the lower leg and wrist were acquired in five volunteers each (lower leg: two men and three women aged 24, 24, 49, 30, and 26 years; wrist: two men and three women aged 31, 23, 25, 24, and 26 years) to generate bound and pore water concentration maps of the tibia and radius. Each volunteer was imaged three times, and the standard error of the measurements at the region-of-interest (ROI) level was computed as the standard deviation across studies, pooled across volunteers and ROIs. Results:Quantitative bound and pore water maps in the tibia and radius, acquired in 8-14 minutes, had per-voxel signal-tonoise ratios of 18 (bound water) and 14 (pore water) and inter-study standard errors of approximately 2 mol 1 H per liter of bone at the ROI level. Conclusion:The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of quantitatively mapping bound and pore water in vivo in human cortical bone with practical human MR imaging constraints.q RSNA, 2015

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Image-based Assessment of Cortical Bone

Wehrli

1996

eMagRes

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Water Content Measured by Proton-Deuteron Exchange NMR Predicts Bone Mineral Density and Mechanical Properties

Cited by 101 publications

References 31 publications

Measurements of mobile and bound water by nuclear magnetic resonance correlate with mechanical properties of bone

Measurements of mobile and bound water by nuclear magnetic resonance correlate with mechanical properties of bone

In Vivo Quantitative MR Imaging of Bound and Pore Water in Cortical Bone

Image-based Assessment of Cortical Bone

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