Water‐dispersible conducting nanocomposites of binary polymer systems. I. Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole)–polyaniline–Al₂O₃ nanocomposite system

Abstract

The chemical oxidative polymerization of a mixture of N‐vinylcarbazole (NVC) and aniline (ANI), by FeCl3 in aqueous medium, produced an insoluble polymer that contained polyaniline (PANI), along with some residual poly‐N‐vinylcarbazole (PNVC) not extractable with benzene. This insoluble PNVC–PANI composite could be obtained as a stable suspension in water when the above polymerization was conducted in the presence of nanodimensional Al2O3. Alternatively, PNVC–(PANI–Al2O3) composite could also be produced by precipitating a THF solution of preformed PNVC onto a PANI–Al2O3 suspension. Likewise PANI–(PNVC–Al2O3) could be obtained by polymerizing ANI onto an aqueous suspension of PNVC–Al2O3. The inclusion of either of these monomer units in the resultant polymer was confirmed by FTIR analysis. SEM analyses revealed formation of a lumpy aggregate, and TEM analyses confirmed particle sizes of the PNVC–PANI–Al2O3 composite to be in the 52–200 nm range. Thermogravimetric stability was in the order: PANI–Al2O3 < PNVC–PANI–Al2O3 < PNVC–Al2O3. The dc conductivity values (S/cm) followed the trend: PNVC–Al2O3 (10−7) < PNVC–PANI–Al2O3 (1.5 × 10−4) ≈ PANI–Al2O3 (1.1 × 10−4) < PNVC–PANI (1 × 10−3) at ambient temperature. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 803–811, 2004

Conducting composites of poly(N‐vinylcarbazole), polypyrrole, and polyaniline with 13X‐zeolite

“…SEM images of PPY‐(PNVC‐13X) and PANI‐(PNVC‐13X) composites showed the presence of densely packed agglomerates of particles (diameters in the range of 6–20 and 60–200 μm, respectively) with a tendency to form larger lumps in either systems compared to that of PNVC‐13X, PPY‐13X, and PANI‐13X composite particles. The formation of such aggregates could result through cementation of ultra‐fine 13X particles with precipitating polymeric moieties, which is consistent with SEM images of various polymer‐metal oxide composite systems recently reported by us 14–20…”

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“…9,10 Polymer nanocomposites containing metal oxides have attracted a great deal of interest from researchers because they frequently exhibit unexpected hybrid properties, synergically derived from both components. 11 Enhanced conductivity and special mechanical, electrochemical, optical, magnetic as well as thermal properties of these composites make them promising materials.…”

Poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) Encapsulated Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite: Preparation, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI)

“…[1] The control and design of characteristic structural features on the nanometer scale impart them with tailored properties for diverse applications. Researchers have attempted to enhance the desired properties of nanocomposites and, thus, to extend their utility by reinforcing them with nanoscale materials to derive improved properties compared to the more conventional particulate-filled microcomposites.…”