Water Dynamics and Nutrient Leaching through a Cropped Ferralsol in the Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia)

Duwig, Céline; Becquer, Thierry; Vogeler, Iris; Vauclin, Michel; Clothier, Brent

doi:10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900030040x

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In similar conditions of high rainfall and soil permeability, in intensive annual (corn) cropping systems on the Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia), Duwig et al (1998Duwig et al ( , 2000 also reported high drainage (488 mm during 100 days) and high rates of NO 3 À leaching at 40 cm depth during the entire growing period, accounting for 128% of the N supplied (104 kg ha À1 ). However in our trial, nitrate leaching strongly decreased with increasing depth, coinciding with NO 3 À and Cl À accumulation in the subsoil below 80 cm.…”

Section: N Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Nitrogen dynamics and soil nitrate retention in a Coffea arabica—Eucalyptus deglupta agroforestry system in Southern Costa Rica

et al. 2007

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Nitrogen fertilization is a key factor for coffee production but creates a risk of water contamination through nitrate (NO 3 À ) leaching in heavily fertilized plantations under high rainfall. The inclusion of fast growing timber trees in these coffee plantations may increase total biomass and reduce nutrient leaching. Potential controls of N loss were measured in an unshaded coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plot and in an adjacent coffee plot shaded with the timber species Eucalyptus deglupta Blume (110 trees ha À1 ), established on an Acrisol that received 180 kg N ha À1 as ammonium-nitrate and 2,700 mm yr À1 rainfall. Results of the one year study showed that these trees had little effect on the N budget although some N fluxes were modified. Soil N mineralization and nitrification rates in the 0-20 cm soil layer were similar in both systems (&280 kg N ha À1 yr À1 ). N export in coffee harvest (2002) was 34 and 25 kg N ha À1 yr À1 in unshaded and shaded coffee, and N accumulation in permanent biomass and litter was 25 and 45 kg N ha À1 yr À1 , respectively. The losses in surface runoff (&0.8 kg mineral N ha À1 yr À1 ) and N 2 O emissions (1.9 kg N ha À1 yr À1 ) were low in both cases. Lysimeters located at 60, 120, and 200 cm depths in shaded coffee, detected average concentrations of 12.9, 6.1 and 1.2 mg NO 3 À -N l À1 , respectively.Drainage was slightly reduced in the coffee-timber plantation. NO 3 À leaching at 200 cm depth was about 27 ± 10 and 16 ± 7 kg N ha À1 yr À1 in unshaded and shaded coffee, respectively. In both plots, very low NO 3 À concentrations in soil solution at 200 cm depth (and in groundwater) were apparently due to NO 3

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Section: N Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Nitrogen dynamics and soil nitrate retention in a Coffea arabica—Eucalyptus deglupta agroforestry system in Southern Costa Rica

et al. 2007

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“…It is thus important to favour crops with deep roots and effective nutrient uptake. Previous studies on the same soil showed the efficacy of deep‐rooted crops such as perennial grass in diminishing nitrate losses from the root zone (Duwig et al ., 2000). Since the surface charge varies with ionic strength of the solution, factors affecting the composition of the soil solution, such as fertilizers or irrigation with saline water, will also affect the retention of anions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A field study conducted on Maré Island, New Caledonia (Duwig et al ., 1998, 2000) showed the water transport through the soil to be very rapid, due to the soil's large porosity and to the rapid precipitation. Under such conditions, the chemical equilibrium of the soil solution with the mineral phases is not reached, and exchange reactions could be the dominant processes in controlling the composition of the soil solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of nitrate retention in a Ferralsol by a transient‐flow method

Duwig

Becquer

Charlet

et al. 2003

European J Soil Science

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Summary Anion retention is important in highly weathered soils that contain large amounts of iron and aluminium oxides with surfaces of variable charge. Sorption mechanisms retard anionic solute transfer through these soils. We determined the retardation factor for nitrate in highly weathered Ferralsols from New Caledonia from dynamic experiments using a transient‐flow method, and we evaluated the effect of soil solution concentration and organic matter content. A simple method with sectionable tubes was used to determine the nitrate isotherm during non‐steady‐state water flow under unsaturated conditions. The topsoil retarded the movement of nitrate, and the sorption followed a linear isotherm. In subsoils, retardation factors were larger and increased from 1.15 to 2.05 at soil pH as the NO3–‐N concentration of the input solution decreased from 71.43 to 0.35 mm, indicative of a non‐linear isotherm. Positive surface charge sites were considered to be of two types: one with strong affinity for nitrate at small concentrations and one with weak affinity for adsorption of nitrate at larger concentrations. This type of isotherm with high‐ and low‐energy sites is similar to those found for oxyanions and heavy metals. The related anion exchange capacity was larger than that usually observed in soils of variable charge. Not all exchange sites were detected with our method, and some sites were obviously not available for nitrate retention.

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“…Two intensive experiments were conducted during three consecutive years to study water and N transport in the soil unsaturated zone to establish a good fertilizer management practices that protect local groundwater resources from pollution. The studies took place between 1991 and 1993 (Kengni, 1993; Kengni et al, 1994; Normand, 1996; Normand et al, 1997) at La Côte Saint‐André, near Grenoble, France, and between 1995 and 1997 (Duwig, 1998; Duwig et al, 1998, 2000) on Maré (Loyalty Islands), New Caledonia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, NO 3 –N leaching from the root zone was calculated by multiplying the drainage rate by the NO 3 concentrations measured at the considered depth, assuming pure convective transport. Details of the various measurements and calculations can be found in several previous papers (Kengni et al, 1994; Normand et al, 1997; Duwig et al, 1998, 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the WAVE Model for Predicting Nitrate Leaching for Two Contrasted Soil and Climate Conditions

Duwig

Normand

Vauclin

et al. 2003

Vadose Zone Journal

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The integrated soil–crop–atmosphere model Water and Agrochemicals in the Vadose Environment (WAVE) (Vanclooster et al., 1995) was evaluated for two contrasted sets of data. One was from the tropical climate and ferrallitic soil conditions that exist in Maré Island, in New Caledonia. The other was from a glacial terrace under the continental climate of La Côte Saint‐André (Isère) in France. Water and NO3 concentrations and fluxes were monitored during three consecutive years at instrumented sites with different surface covers (maize [Zea mays L.] or bare soil) or amount of applied fertilizer. The comprehensive set of measurements allowed us to evaluate the prediction capabilities of the WAVE model. Several parameters were determined independently, while others were adjusted on the basis of simulations for the wettest year at Maré and an average hydrological year at La Côte Saint‐André. A stepwise approach was used to calibrate these parameters by sequentially integrating each individual model component. A screening sensitivity analysis was performed to address the most critical parameters. The predictive ability of the model was evaluated by comparing simulated and measured states variables and water and NO3 fluxes using two different years of data obtained at the same sites. For both sites, the model gave the best results for wet conditions, which actually posed the most critical problems in terms of groundwater pollution under our specific conditions. However, the model was used beyond its capacity as both soils had specificities for which the model was not designed. Overall, WAVE gave quite good predictions, but further studies are needed to fully evaluate WAVE with its crop growth model, SUCROS.

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Water Dynamics and Nutrient Leaching through a Cropped Ferralsol in the Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia)

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Nitrogen dynamics and soil nitrate retention in a Coffea arabica—Eucalyptus deglupta agroforestry system in Southern Costa Rica

Nitrogen dynamics and soil nitrate retention in a Coffea arabica—Eucalyptus deglupta agroforestry system in Southern Costa Rica

Estimation of nitrate retention in a Ferralsol by a transient‐flow method

Evaluation of the WAVE Model for Predicting Nitrate Leaching for Two Contrasted Soil and Climate Conditions

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