Water extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves exhibits in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo anti-angiogenic activities in endothelial cell via suppression of cell proliferation

Ng, Chin Theng; Fong, Lai Yen; Tan, Jun Jie; Rajab, Nor Fadilah; Abas, Faridah; Shaari, Khozirah; Chan, Kok Meng; Juliana, Fariza; Yong, Yoke Keong

doi:10.1186/s12906-018-2270-1

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), a crude extract that exhibits an IC 50 value <20 μg/ mL can be considered as an active anticancer agent. This finding is supported by a previous study (Ng et al, 2018), that reported 50, 70 and 100% ethanol extract of C. nutans did not affect endothelial viability regardless of its concentrations up to 100 μg/ml even with prolonged treatment time from 24 to 72 hours. The antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract (D) is the highest against MCF7 (breast cancer) and the lowest against CRL2522 (normal fibroblast) cell line.…”

Section: E-issn 2477-0612supporting

confidence: 89%

Antagonistic Drug-herb Interactions between Clinacanthus nutans and Cyclophosphamide on WRL 68 Cell Line

Mutalib¹,

Latip²

2020

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Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae), locally known as Sabah snake grass, is popularly taken as prevention as well as treatment for cancer in Malaysia, despite lack of concrete clinical evidence. However, it is crucial to evaluate potential antagonistic, additive, or synergistic interactions that may result from the co-treatment of this plant in chemotherapy. In this study, we demonstrate the drug-herb interaction using combination treatment of C. nutans extracts and cyclophosphamide on the WRL 68 cell line. Materials and Methods: Aqueous and 70% ethanol extract of C. nutans leaves were prepared using decoction and maceration methods. MTT assay was used to test single treatment as well as the combination of C. nutans extract and cyclophosphamide. Phytochemical profiling and flavonoid were identified using HPLC. Results: C. nutans ethanolic extract exhibits low antiproliferative activity. A combination of ethanolic extract of C. nutans and cyclophosphamide at various concentrations resulted in antagonism with combination index values of 1.413, 1.482, and 1.525. Flavonoids identified in the phytochemical profile of both extracts were schaftoside, isoorientin, orientin, and vitexin. High flavonoids level in C. nutans ethanolic extract could potentially interact with metabolic enzymes of the cell line, which might have affected metabolism and activated the cyclophosphamide. The in vitro data suggested that there was a potential for drug-herb interactions, which could negatively affect the chemotherapeutic outcomes. Further investigation should be done in vivo and clinical research model.

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Section: E-issn 2477-0612supporting

confidence: 89%

Antagonistic Drug-herb Interactions between Clinacanthus nutans and Cyclophosphamide on WRL 68 Cell Line

Mutalib¹,

Latip²

2020

psr

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“…The results of their study show that there is a significant correlation between LD50 values generated using the CAM versus mice and therefore the test could be used in preliminary studies to reduce testing time and the number of animals. Ng et al [27] have used in their study Suramin as a positive control to inhibit vessel sprouting in a CAM model. They have used this standard to demonstrate that Clinacanthus nutans water extract prevents new blood vessel formation in the CAM model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main functions of CAM are: respiratory organ for the embryo, storage membrane of excretions and also membranes for mobilization of calcium from the shell to start bone mineralization [17]. The CAM assay was performed according to Kue C.S., et al, 2015 and Theng Ng C., et al 2018 [26,27] with some modifications. For this purpose, hen eggs were incubated at 37 • C under 60-70% relative humidity.…”

Section: In Vivo Evaluation Of Angiogenic Activity Using a Cam Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing of Chitosan Derivatives Nanoparticles with Antiangiogenic Effect for Cancer Therapy

et al. 2020

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Angiogenesis is a physiological process involving the growth of new blood vessels, which provides oxygen and required nutrients for the development of various pathological conditions. In a tumor microenvironment, this process upregulates the growth and proliferation of tumor cells, thus any stage of angiogenesis can be a potential target for cancer therapies. In the present study, chitosan and his derivatives have been used to design novel polymer-based nanoparticles. The therapeutic potential of these newly designed nanoparticles has been evaluated. The antioxidant and MTT assays were performed to know the antioxidant properties and their biocompatibility. The in vivo antiangiogenic properties of the nanoparticles were evaluated by using a chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) model. The obtained results demonstrate that chitosan derivatives-based nanostructures strongly enhance the therapeutic effect compared to chitosan alone, which also correlates with antitumor activity, demonstrated by the in vitro MTT assay on human epithelial cervical Hep-2 tumor cells. This study opens up new direction for the use of the chitosan derivatives-based nanoparticles for designing of antiangiogenic nanostructured materials, for future cancer therapy.While stimulation of angiogenesis in cancer leads to metastasis, the anti-angiogenic therapy proved to be an important approach against tumor growth. In this respect, it is a well-known fact that the consumption of antioxidants can be recommended to achieve the inhibition of angiogenesis or reversal of unwanted cell-cell adherence [1]. Several studies have been conducted to investigate the connection between antioxidants and pathological angiogenesis, thus leading to mixed conclusions from studies that have been associated with a lower total cancer incidence with the use of antioxidants [2], to studies that have highlighted the lack of any benefit of using antioxidants on the incidence of cancer [3]. All these results are, for certain ones, closely related with the type of antioxidant included in the study (alpha tocopherol, beta-carotene, ascorbic acid) and the investigated tumor location and not least the investigated pharmaceutical formulation. In this context, the use of antioxidants in the form of nanoparticles could improve the efficiency of this therapy due to specific surface area of nanostructures [4], thereby ensuring better contact with cells that would increase the chances of pathological angiogenesis inhibition. However, to have more success in cancer therapy, more studies should be conducted in this direction.Chitosan is a natural cationic polymer exhibits three chemical reactive sites including a primary amine and two primary or secondary hydroxyl groups for further modification [5][6][7]. Nano/microparticles coated with chitosan, synthesized through different techniques for encapsulation (chemical, physical and mechanical techniques), are in continuous development, aiming at the entrapment of bioactive substances, enzymes, hormones, antimicrobial agents, vitamins, mi...

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“…For the past few decades, the research for C. nutans has been progressively done in a rapid trend. Broad-spectrum of pharmacological activities, which includes antioxidant [ 4 ], antiviral (herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus, papillomavirus, and dengue virus) [ 5 ], anti-inflammatory [ 6 ], antibacterial [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], analgesic [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], antivenom [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], immunomodulating [ 16 , 17 ], neuroprotective [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], antidiabetic [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], α-glucosidase inhibitory [ 24 ], lipid-elevated inhibition [ 25 ], plasmid DNA protective [ 26 ], anti-angiogenic [ 27 ], anticancer [ 28 ], anti-proliferative [ 28 ], and antitumor as the latest biological action identified [ 29 ], has been very well reported in previous studies. Owing to significant economic benefits towards human health, the demand for this herb has been increased in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Herbage Yield, Antioxidant Activities, Phytochemical Contents, and Bioactive Compounds of Sabah Snake Grass (Clinacanthus Nutans L.) with Regards to Harvesting Age and Harvesting Frequency

et al. 2020

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Sabah snake grass or Clinacanthus nutans has drawn public interest having significant economic benefits attributable to the presence of phytochemicals and several interesting bioactive constituents that may differ according to harvesting age and harvesting frequency. The current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of harvesting age and harvesting frequency towards herbal yield, antioxidant activities, phytochemicals synthesis, and bioactive compounds of C. nutans. A factorial randomized completely block design with five replications was used to illustrate the relationship between herbal yield, DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, total phenolic and flavonoid content affected by harvesting age (week 8, 12, and 16 after transplanting), and harvesting frequency (harvest 1, 2, and 3). The bioactive compounds by HPLC were also determined to describe the interaction effect between both harvesting age and harvesting frequency. The yield, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical contents were gradually increased as the plant grew, with the highest recorded during week 16. However, the synthesis and activities of phytochemicals were reduced in subsequent harvests despite the increment of the herbal yield. All bioactive compounds were found to be influenced insignificantly and significantly by harvesting age and harvesting frequency, respectively, specifically to shaftoside, iso-orientin, and orientin. Among all constituents, shaftoside was the main compound at various harvesting ages and harvesting frequencies. These results indicated that harvesting at week 16 with 1st harvest frequency might enhance the yield while sustaining the high synthesis of polyphenols and antioxidant activities of C. nutans.

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Water extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves exhibits in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo anti-angiogenic activities in endothelial cell via suppression of cell proliferation

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Antagonistic Drug-herb Interactions between Clinacanthus nutans and Cyclophosphamide on WRL 68 Cell Line

Antagonistic Drug-herb Interactions between Clinacanthus nutans and Cyclophosphamide on WRL 68 Cell Line

Designing of Chitosan Derivatives Nanoparticles with Antiangiogenic Effect for Cancer Therapy

Alterations in Herbage Yield, Antioxidant Activities, Phytochemical Contents, and Bioactive Compounds of Sabah Snake Grass (Clinacanthus Nutans L.) with Regards to Harvesting Age and Harvesting Frequency

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