Water for Athena: votive gifts at Lagaria (Timpone della Motta, Francavilla Marittima, Calabria)

Evoluzione della carpenteria lignea dei tetti in Grecia tra età arcaica e classica. Alla ricerca di tracce di incavallature

“…In generale, infatti, le costruzioni di età arcaica si contraddistinguono per un ampio uso di mattoni in terracruda e del legno 30 (Mertens, 2006) che dovettero per esempio caratterizzare il primo tempio in località Marasà a Locri Epizefiri. Da un tale quadro omogeneo si distaccano -comunque casi isolati -alcuni oikoi del santuario di Athena a Francavilla sul Timpone della Motta, (Kleibrink, 2017) risalenti nelle prime fasi costruttive all'VIII secolo a.C. e costruiti con pareti di argilla e paglia e pali di legno, da ricondurre all'ambito culturale indigeno enotrio, sebbene propriamente greci nella planimetria (fig. 2).…”

ASPECTS OF BEING A GIRL IN FRANCAVILLA MARITTIMA-<em>LAGARIA</em> (CALABRIA) IN THE EIGHTH CENTURY BC: A RECONSTRUCTION BASED ON TERRACOTTA FIGURINES AND THEIR ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS

“…On the one hand, there is Macchiabate/Timpone della Motta at Francavilla Marittima with indigenous activity areas as the enormous burial field of Macchiabate, the early goddess sanctuary and settlement remains of Timpone della Motta, and on the other hand there is the city-state of Sybaris founded around 720 BC at about 12 km south of Francavilla Marittima (FM) (literature on the sites is extensive, references are to be found e.g. in: Kleibrink, 2001Kleibrink, , 2010aKleibrink, , 2017De Lachenal, 2007;Guzzo, 2011;Mittica, 2019;Brocato and Altomare 2021;Altomare, 2022). The historical circumstances render the Sibaritide important for a reconstruction of the course of events before, during and after the implementation of the Greek city-state of Sybaris in the indigenous Italic area.…”

“…The sanctuary of Athena on the Timpone della Motta is, in our view, associated with the legend on the settlement of Lagaria, which according to ancient sources was founded by Epeios, CPAG 32, 2022, 221-251. ISSN: 2174 the maker of the Trojan horse (an overview in Colelli, 2017;Brocato, 2014Brocato, , 2015Iusi, 2014;Kleibrink 2017Kleibrink , 2020aKleibrink , 2020c, all with references to earlier literature).…”

“…13). The head is part of the more than 5.000 objects and pottery fragments returned to the Italian government by the Paul Getty Museum, the Bern Archaeological Institute and the Ny Carlsberg Museum because they originally had been robbed from the Timpone della Motta in the 1970s (Mertens-Horn, 1992;Kleibrink, 1993;De Lachenal, 2007;Paoletti, 2017;Mittica, 2019 all referring to further literature). From the obviously imported little head it follows that the local Chonian artisans were not the inventors of their figurines but that they copied Cycladic examples, while decorating them with incisions that depict the bronze jewelry familiar from local Chonian women.…”

“…According to the evidence, a group of ceramists working in Euboian tradition were settled at the foot of Timpone della Motta and in a sanctuary uncovered at Plakari on Euboia evidence of similar festivities has been discovered (Crielaard, 2017:127-144) while in indigenous Italic culture, remains at, for instance, Coppa Nevigata, show similarities in cultic cooking mode (Cazzella and Recchia, 2018). An interesting fact is that this form of festivity decreases in the course of the first half of the 7th century BC, and around 650 definitively stops to make way for rituals of the kosmesis type (Kleibrink, 2017). It seems that the consequences of the Lelantine war on Euboia resulted in the gradual disappearance of Euboian influences in the indigenous culture of Francavilla-Lagaria, while Corinthian and Achaian influences augmented and were at the basis of cultural change.…”