Water hammer in pipelines based on different friction models

Jiang, Dan; Zeng, Chen; Lu, Qixia; Guo, Qing

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-51409-9

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Unveiling the impact of pipe materials on water hammer in pressure pipelines: an experimental and numerical study

Kandil,

El-Sayed,

Kamal

2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water hammer (WH) is a phenomenon characterized by the rapid opening or closing of valves or pumps in pipelines, resulting in a disruptive noise, intense vibrations, and potential damage to pipes, fittings, structures, and even human safety. While WH arresters are commonly employed to mitigate this issue in smaller plumbing systems, alternative solutions are required for larger applications like power plants. Researchers have proposed the utilization of pipe materials with a low modulus of elasticity in areas prone to WH events, as these materials possess the capability to absorb a significant portion of the resulting vibrations. This study focuses on investigating the influence of pressure and strain induced by the WH phenomenon. Experimental data collected from measurements using a specially designed test rig, as well as numerical and dimensionless analyses applied to the same rig, are employed to examine this effect. The experimental and numerical investigations encompass a range of flow rates and pressures. Five pipe materials, namely Galvanized steel, Copper, uPVC, PPr, and GRP, were selected for evaluation. The results indicate a deviation between the numerical and experimental results of WH frequency which can be explained from the pipeline rigidity. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis was performed to analyze the frequency components of the pressure transients resulting from water hammer events in the different pipe materials. The results indicate that pipe materials with lower elastic modulus, such as PPr and uPVC, exhibit reduced WH effects compared to materials with higher elastic modulus, such as steel. This research highlights the importance of selecting appropriate pipe materials for pressure pipelines in order to mitigate the dangers associated with WH. The results of the FFT analysis revealed distinct frequency responses for each material, illustrating how their unique viscoelastic properties affect the transient behavior.

show abstract

Unveiling the impact of pipe materials on water hammer in pressure pipelines: an experimental and numerical study

Kandil,

El-Sayed,

Kamal

2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Bubble image segmentation and dynamic feature extraction in gas–liquid two-phase transient flow

Jiang,

Zeng,

Chen

et al. 2024

AIP Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the dynamics of bubble growth and collapse during gas–liquid two-phase transient flow is crucial for minimizing pipeline wear and maintaining the normal operation of the pipeline system. This paper focuses on obtaining the bubble trajectory, movement velocity, and volume change of gas bubbles. The bubble images during the transient flow are first denoised and enhanced, then the moving target detection algorithm and watershed segmentation algorithm are used to segment the bubbles, and the contour reconstruction of the bubbles is performed using fitting to extract the relevant parameters. The movement trajectories of the bubbles are then traced by analyzing the trajectories and velocities of growth and collapse of the first bubbles during the transient flow, specifically when the flow rate of the hydraulic pipeline is 0.75 m/s. Finally, the changes in gas content during the transient flow in the pipeline under different initial flow rates are compared between the algorithm proposed here and the simulation results.

show abstract

Application of linear impulse momentum theory to the hammering problem

Gahtani

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For many years, researchers have observed and studied the transient hydraulic problem in pipe flow. The influence of water mass on the valve body during fast closing was evaluated using the mass and momentum principle and shocked wave theory. These two physical principles were used to evaluate the pressure rise caused by closing the valve vastly for orifice flow. According to recent studies, the Joukowsky Equation is a well-known formula that approximates orifice tank systems but is up to three times overvalued for pressured systems with two tanks. This created confusion while using this formula for designing valves in pipe flow. This paper presents a formula for the prediction of the pressure rise resulting from fast valve closure based on the well-known impulse momentum principle, which states that the magnitude and duration of the applied force have an impact on the momentum change of a mass object. The impulse-momentum theory is applied here when the fluid mass in the pipe collides with the valve body as it closes rapidly. To demonstrate the concept, this paper provides examples and an experimental program for validation, which is also confirmed by recent experimental programs used in the literature.

show abstract

Water hammer in pipelines based on different friction models

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Unveiling the impact of pipe materials on water hammer in pressure pipelines: an experimental and numerical study

Unveiling the impact of pipe materials on water hammer in pressure pipelines: an experimental and numerical study

Bubble image segmentation and dynamic feature extraction in gas–liquid two-phase transient flow

Application of linear impulse momentum theory to the hammering problem

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About