Water Hemlock (<i>Cicuta Douglasii</i>) Toxicoses in Sheep: Pathologic Description and Prevention of Lesions and Death

Panter, Kip E.; Baker, Dale C.; Kechele, P. O.

doi:10.1177/104063879600800413

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Diagnosis of water hemlock poisoning can be made by documenting plant exposure from rumen or stomach contents. In surviving animals, elevated serum LDH, AST, and CK from seizure induced muscle damage peaks by 3 days after exposure then declines within 8-10 days after exposure (82).…”

Section: Plant and Animal Biomarkers For Water Hemlock Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biomarkers and their potential for detecting livestock plant poisonings in Western North America

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The United States National Cancer Institute defines a biomarker as: “A biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that is a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or of a condition or disease.” In Veterinary Medicine, biomarkers associated with plant poisonings of livestock have great utility. Since grazing livestock poisoned by toxic plants are often found dead, biomarkers of plant poisoning allow for a more rapid postmortem diagnosis and response to prevent further deaths. The presence and concentration of toxins in poisonous plants are biomarkers of risk for livestock poisoning that can be measured by the chemical analysis of plant material. More difficult is, the detection of plant toxins or biomarkers in biological samples from intoxicated or deceased animals. The purpose of this article is to review potential biomarkers of plant poisoning in grazing livestock in the Western North America including recently investigated non-invasive sampling techniques. Plants discussed include larkspur, lupine, water hemlock, swainsonine-containing plants, selenium-containing plants, and pyrrolizidine alkaloid containing plants. Other factors such as animal age and sex that affect plant biomarker concentrations in vivo are also discussed.

show abstract

Section: Plant and Animal Biomarkers For Water Hemlock Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals that survive acute intoxication do not have any lasting effects. Death normally occurs within 1-8 h after consuming the plant(82).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers and their potential for detecting livestock plant poisonings in Western North America

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Four experienced only discomfort; however, one individual who ate two roots and another who ate one root developed grand mal -type seizures within 1 hour. The sheep recovered partially within 12 hours and completely in several days to a week (Panter et al 1996). The other individual, who had eaten one root, had fi ve seizures of 2 minutes duration each over a period of 3 hours.…”

Section: Cicuta Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apiaceae Lindl.

and¹,

Tyrl²

2012

Toxic Plants of North America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Although water hemlock poisoning has many features of a cholinergic toxidrome, an animal study found that water hemlock-induced seizures were not suppressed by pretreatment with anticholinergic agents benztropine or biperiden, nor worsened by the cholinergic agonist physostigmine, but were well controlled with diazepam [46,47]. In an animal study, Panter et al [48] found that in sheep given 1.5-2.5 times the lethal dose of water hemlock (C. douglasii) by gavage, intravenous administration of sodium pentobarbital at the onset of the first seizure prevented further seizures and skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration and resulted in rapid and complete recovery [48].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Hemlock Poisoning

Cetaruk¹

2016

Critical Care Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water hemlock belongs to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). The genus Cicuta includes the species spotted water hemlock (C. maculata), Western water hemlock (C. douglasii), and northern water hemlock also known as European water hemlock (C. virosa), C. bolanderi, C. bulbifera, C. californica, C. curtissii, C. mackenziana, C. occidentalis, and C. vagans (Figs. 1, 2, and 3). The active toxic compound in water hemlock is cicutoxin. The hemlock water dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) belongs to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), genus Oenanthe. It is native to Europe but has been introduced to some parts of the United States. It lacks the chambered root of the Cicuta spp. and produces oenanthotoxin, a constitutional isomer (a compound that has the same molecular formula but a different structural formula) of cicutoxin. The various species of Cicuta and Oenanthe have approximately equivalent clinical toxicity at similar stages of plant growth, producing virtually identical clinical manifestations in poisoning, and, therefore, will be discussed as a single group. Common names of these plants include cowbane, children's bane, poison parsnip, five-fingered root, dead men's fingers, death-of-man, wild parsnip, snakeroot, snakeweed, beaver poison, muskrat weed, spotted hemlock, spotted cowbane, musquash root, false parsley, poison hemlock, wild carrot, fever root, mock-eel root, spotted parsley, cique vireuse, and carotte à moreau. Water hemlock species are biennial or perennial plants that grow to a height of 6-8 ft with

show abstract

Water Hemlock (Cicuta Douglasii) Toxicoses in Sheep: Pathologic Description and Prevention of Lesions and Death

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Biomarkers and their potential for detecting livestock plant poisonings in Western North America

Biomarkers and their potential for detecting livestock plant poisonings in Western North America

Apiaceae Lindl.

Water Hemlock Poisoning

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About