Water hyacinth: a possible alternative rate retarding natural polymer used in sustained release tablet design

Abstract

In recent years natural polymers have been widely used because of their effectiveness and availability over synthetic polymers. In this present investigation matrix tablets of Metformin hydrochloride were formulated using Water hyacinth powder and its rate retardant activity was studied. Tablets were prepared using wet granulation method with 8% starch as granulating agent and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of Water hyacinth powder to the drug. In preformulation study, angle of repose, Carr's Index and Hausner ratio were calculated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies were performed and no interactions were found between drug and excipients. Weight variation, friability, hardness, thickness, diameter, and in vitro release study were performed with the prepared matrix tablets. Dissolution studies were conducted using USP type II apparatus at a speed of 100 rpm at 37°C ± 0.5 temperature for 8 h. Though all the formulations comply with both BP and USP requirements, formulation F-1 (5% of Water hyacinth) was the best fitted formula. The drug release patterns were explained in different kinetic models such as Zero order, First order, Higuchi, Hixson Crowell, and Korsmeyer-Peppas equations. The current investigation implies that Water hyacinth has the potential to be used as a rate-retarding agent in sustained release drug formulations.

Water Hyacinth: A Unique Source for Sustainable Materials and Products

“…An in vitro dissolution study conducted using simulated intestinal media showed that dissolution time ranged from 1 to 5 min depending on the amount of hyacinth present. Although combining water hyacinth powder (5%) with a drug provided desired release rates, the biocompatibility and any possible adverse effects of the water hyacinth powder were not investigated …”

“…Efficiency of the biocomposite to remove reactive dyes from textile wastewater was studied . Surface area of the biocomposite was considerably higher at 173 m/g compared to 133 m 2 /g for the untreated samples. Similarly, micropore volume had increased from 0.0774 to 0.0913 cm 3 /g.…”

“…The petiole part of the water hyacinth was collected, dried, and powdered for potential use as a rate retarding material for controlled release of drugs (metformin). 2 Water hyacinth powder was combined with a drug and wet compressed and formed into a pellet. Mechanical properties, ability of the pellets to release drugs, and the kinetics of release were studied.…”

“…It has been estimated that water hyacinth can grow at a rate of 0.26 ton dry biomass per hectare per day under normal conditions . On the basis of the conditions in which it prevails, water hyacinth is said to double its weight in 6–28 days and replicate in 4–58 days . Another study suggests that under favorable conditions, water hyacinth could double its size in 5 days and yield could be up to 17.5 tons per hectare per day .…”

“…1 On the basis of the conditions in which it prevails, water hyacinth is said to double its weight in 6−28 days and replicate in 4−58 days. 2 Another study suggests that under favorable conditions, water hyacinth could double its size in 5 days and yield could be up to 17.5 tons per hectare per day. 3 Other studies have suggested that production of water hyacinth varies from 60 to 150 tons per hectare with dry mass of about 6−10 tons per hectare.…”