“…Secondly, as observed by Cesàro, De Giacomo, and Sussich (2008), trehalose shows, upon cooling, a strong restriction of the solubility region, due to the reduction of sugar solubility at low temperatures but also to the formation of crystalline polymorphs much less soluble. Consequently, during cooling of a solution less concentrated than 30 g/100 mL, the formation and separation of ice occurs (Cesàro et al, 2008), increasing the amount of ice phase volume at the temperature of analysis (−15°C), with detrimental effects on the ice cream texture (Muse & Hartel, 2004). The increasing-firmness effect was evident also for erythritol, even with a 50% substitution level, in agreement with the extrusion behavior reported above.…”